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1.
Pulmäo RJ ; 22(2): 83-88, 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-704338

ABSTRACT

O enfisema, em conjunto com a deficiência de alfa-1 antitripsina, corresponde a 40,1% dos transplantes de pulmão. Na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 55% dos transplantes foram realizados por enfisema pulmonar (25 pacientes), e a sobrevida em um ano foi de 72%. O transplante está indicado quando a terapia clínica está otimizada, sem mais nada a oferecer ao paciente para melhorar a sua qualidade de vida e aumentar a sua sobrevida. O transplante pode ser unilateral ou bilateral. A sobrevida em cinco anos encontra-se em 44-50%. O transplante bilateral oferece maior sobrevida principalmente para pacientes com menos de 60 anos, ainda que a capacidade de exercício seja semelhante à do transplante unilateral. A morbidade e a mortalidade operatória do transplante bilateral não são maiores do que no transplante unilateral. A hiperinsuflação do pulmão nativo mais complacente, no transplante unilateral, pode exigir algum procedimento de redução volumétrica(cirúrgico ou broncoscópico), caso haja repercussão hemodinâmica e/ou ventilatória. A hiperinsuflação classificada como leve e severa ocorre em 82% dos casos. A rejeição crônica, manifesta como bronquiolite obliterante no pulmão, é o principal obstáculo para uma maior sobrevida de longo prazo


Worldwide, pulmonary emphysema, associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, is the indication for 40.1% of all lung transplants. Of the lung transplants performed to date at theFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, 55% were indicated because of emphysema (in 25 patients), the one-year survival rate being 72%. Lung transplantation is indicated when the clinical therapy has been optimized and there are no other treatment options to prolong survival and improve quality of life.Lung transplant can be unilateral or bilateral.The overall five-year survival rate among lung transplant recipients is 44-50%. Survival is better among recipients of bilateral lung transplants than among those of unilateral lung transplants, especially among those who are below 60 years of age.However, there is no difference between unilateral and bilateral lung transplant in terms of postoperative exercise capacity,as well as in terms of morbidity and mortality. In unilateral lung transplantation, native lung hyperinflation can require lungvolume reduction procedure (surgical or bronchoscopic) when there is hemodynamic or respiratory impairment. Hyperinflation (mild to severe) occurs in 82% of all lung transplants. Chronic rejection, manifesting as bronchiolitis obliterans, is the major obstacle to improving survival in lung transplantation


Subject(s)
Humans , alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency , Lung Transplantation , Postoperative Period , Pulmonary Emphysema , Tissue Donors , Quality of Life
2.
Clin Lung Cancer ; 7(3): 197-201, 2005 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16354315

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Localized fibrous tumors of the pleura (LFTPs) are uncommon thoracic neoplasms with variable malignant potential that were previously classified as benign presentation of mesothelioma. We investigate the clinical presentation, recurrence patterns, and long-term survival of patients undergoing curative resection of LFTPs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients underwent resection of LFTPs in the present study. There were 20 women and 14 men with a median age of 59 years (range, 35-81 years). The malignant potential of the tumor was estimated through histologic assessment of the degree of cellularity, mitotic activity, and nuclear pleomorphism. Patients' clinical outcomes were correlated to pathologic findings. RESULTS: Seventeen patients (50%) were symptomatic, and 7 tumors (21%) were considered malignant by histologic characteristics. Ipsilateral pleural recurrence remote to the original tumor site occurred in 6 of these patients with malignant microscopic characteristics at a mean of 9 months after resection. Repeated resection was accomplished in 3 of these patients (range, 3-8 repeat operations). There have been no recurrences among the other 27 patients with benign histologic features, and 31 patients remain alive at a median follow-up of 34.5 months. CONCLUSION: Histologic characteristics are helpful in estimating the risk of recurrence among patients with LFTPs. Close surveillance is recommended for patients with malignant histologic characteristics. Local recurrence is common without evidence of systemic spread among such patients. Surgical resection is definitive therapy; however, patients with tumors with histologic atypia require close postoperative observation because of the frequency of locoregional recurrence.


Subject(s)
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue/surgery , Pleura/surgery , Pleural Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue/pathology , Pleura/pathology , Pleural Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
3.
Rev. bras. cir ; 79(5): 237-43, set.-out. 1989.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-80667

ABSTRACT

É apresentada uma revisäo bibliográfica dos procedimentos transtorácico e extratorácico (esofagectomia sem toracotomia), cuja técnica vem se tornando cada vez mais atraente entre os cirurgiöes, apesar das críticas feitas ao nível do terço médio, no qual a cirurgia do esôfago é feita as cegas. Doze pacientes foram operados com o procedimento extratorácico, sendo 11 com estenose maligna, a maioria de terço inferior, e apenas um paciente de terço superior. As idades estavam incluídas entre a quinta e a sexta décadas. Näo ocorreram complicaçöes per-operatórias, enquanto que no pós-operatório houve 30% de deiscência da anastomose esôfago-gastrica cervical evoluçäo näo foi a mesma referida por outros autores - uma fístula salivar com evoluçäo benigna, espontânea com cura dentro de três semanas - e levou a formaçäo de focos sépticos, lesäo nos pulmöes que pela síndrome alveolar, quer pela intersticial, ocasionando um óbito. Estas complicaçöes foram as responsáveis pelas duas mortes no pós-operatório (dentro de 30 dias). No que tange a sobrevida, a mesma foi de sete meses, já que os casos näo foram selecionados para a cirurgia, em virtude de ser objetivo restaurar a deglutiçäo


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Esophagostomy , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Procedures, Operative
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