[Potential for the clinical use of intranasal rifathyroin for diagnosis and treatment]. / O vozmozhnosti klinicheskogo ispol'zovaniia intranazal'nogo vvedeniia rifatiroina dlia diagnostiki i lecheniia.

It has been shown that stimulated TSH and prolactin levels in intranasal administration of rifathyroin are comparable with the results of i.v. administration of the drug. Intranasal administration can be used for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

[Atypical clinical variants of hypothyrosis]. / Netipichnye klinicheskie varianty gipotireoza.

Timely diagnosis of hypothyrosis was noted in 34% of patients only. Considerable difficulties in the diagnosis of disease were associated with an atypical course of disease in a number of patients. The authors discuss some problems of a clinical picture of hypothyrosis with arterial hypertension, sympatico-adrenal crises, polyserositis, pituitary adenoma, amenorrhea-lactorrhea, premature puberty in boys; they also discuss pathogenesis of sexual advancement of a number of pubertal features in Van Wyk-Grambooh syndrome. Hennes-Ross syndrome was identified as a separate entity.

[Mechanisms of disturbance of the secretion of prolactin in patients with acromegaly]. / Mekhanizmy narusheniia sekretsii prolaktina u bol'nykh akromegaliei.

Metoclopramide (DA-antagonist, M) tests were performed in 21 patients with acromegaly and in controls; the levels of adrenohypophyseal hormones were determined before and after drug administration. Irrespective of the basal level of prolactin (P) all the patients demonstrated a decrease in stimulated P secretion which was more noticeable in patients with hyperprolactinemia. The hyperergic response of TSH to M administration was observed in some of the patients with acromegaly. Such a response indicated an elevated tone of the dopaminergic (DA) system. The results obtained were suggestive of dysfunction of DA regulation of P secretion in all the patients with acromegaly.

[Dynamics of the renal excretion of glycosaminoglycans as affected by thyroid therapy of hypothyroidism]. / Dinamika pochechnoi ékskretsii glikozaminoglikanov pod vliianiem tireoidnoi terapii pri gipotireoze.

The state of renal excretion of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) was investigated in 15 patients with hypothyrosis of various degree of gravity before and during thyroid therapy. A raised level of GAG excretion with urine reflecting excessive GAG tissue accumulation was revealed. A degree of elevation was unrelated to a gravity of disease and grew with a period of disease. Thyroid therapy considerably increased GAG renal excretion, particularly in patients with a longer period of disease. A GAG level in daily urine can be used as an additional diagnostic criterion in hypothyrosis and the time course of GAG can serve for assessment of therapeutic efficacy.

[Thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies in the blood of patients with diffuse toxic goiter]. / Tireostimuliruiushchie autoantitela v krovi bol'nykh diffuznym toksicheskim zobom.

The level of thyrostimulating autoantibodies (TSA) in IgG fraction isolated from the blood serum by precipitation of (NH4)2SO4 was determined in 36 patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) and in 8 healthy donors. TCA which were assessed by a rise of the level of cAMP in human thyroid sections (obtained at operation from extranodal tissue of patients with nodal euthyroid goiter) after 2 h-incubation at 37 degrees C with IgG, were determined in 32 DTG patients (89%). The patients were divided into 2 groups with respect to their clinical and thyroid status: with a high and normal or subnormal content of the blood thyroid hormones. In the 1st group the frequency of detection (96%) and the level of TSA (570.64 +/- 109.63%) were much higher than in the 2nd group of patients (70 and 186.29 +/- 23.06%, respectively). The highest levels of TSA (1085.25 +/- 551.27%) were found in 4 of 26 patients (the 1st group) who had not received specific therapy.

[Changes in the duration of the Achilles reflex in euthyroid goiter in children]. / Izmeneniia dlitel'nosti akhillova refleksa pri "éutireoidnom zobe" u detei.

Changes in the duration of the Achilles reflex were studied in subclinical disturbances of thyroid function. For this purpose the duration of the Achilles reflex, the levels of T4, T3, iodine protein bound TSH and cholesterol were investigated in children admitted to hospital with the general diagnosis of the "euthyroid goiter". Clinical and laboratory findings revealed subclinical types of the diffuse toxic goiter, hypothyrosis, chronic thyroiditis, endemic goiter, nodular goiter, pubertal struma and sporadic euthyroid goiter. The aim of the study was to define the diagnostic importance of reflexometry in subclinical disorders of thyroid function and to assess the relationships between metabolic derangements and the duration of the Achilles reflex. Changes in the duration were shown to correspond to disorder of thyroid function. In 76% of the cases reflexometry brought about the correct assessment of the patient's thyroid status. A significant conformity of the levels of TSH, T3, T4 to the duration of the Achilles reflex was shown.

[Availability and clinical informative value of thyroid function tests]. / Dostupnost' i klinicheskaia informativnost' tireoidnykh testov.

The use of quantitative analysis (point system) suggests that informativeness of a complex of tests of radioactive iodine absorption by the thyroid and radioimmunoassay of hormones is conclusive. It is recommended that a staged approach (primary application of the available tests) be used in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction.

[Differential diagnosis of ovarian dysgenesis and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in women]. / Differentsial'naia diagnostika sindroma disgenezii iaichnikov i gipogonadotropnogo gipogonadizma u zhenshchin.

Similarity of anamnestic findings and the majority of clinico-experimental manifestations of the ovary dysgenesis (OD) and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) syndromes in women makes difficult the differential diagnosing of these states. The most significant differential diagnostic sign of OD and HH is the blood serum gonadotrophin content; OD is characterized by a high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) content with irregular release, less elevated and more stable luteinizing hormone (LH) level, while HH reveals sharply reduced monotonous FSH and LH levels. On an average, the blood serum testosterone content is significantly higher in OD than in HH.

[Functional state of the pituitary gland-ovarian system in gonadal agenesis and dysgenesis]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie sistemy gipofiz-gonady pri agenezii i disgenezii gonad.

Functional condition of the hypophysis-gonad system with the determination of the LH and FSH level in the course of one month, of estrogens and testosterones in the blood, of estrogens in the urine, sex chromatine, kariotype, roentgenomorphology and histology of the gonads, as well as the changes in gonadotropines against the background of estrogen treatment were studied in 30 patients (in 18 with Shereshevsky-Turner's syndrome, and in 12 with pure gonad agenesis). There were differences in the state of gonadotropic activity in patients of these groups, rather similar by condition and time of the gonad affection. In Shereshevsky-Turner's syndrome gonadotropic activity was characterized by a sharp elevation of the LH and FSH level with frequent chaotic desynchronized fluctuations; in pure gonad agenesis the FSH level was elevated and subject to chaotic fluctuations; as to LH level--it was stable and within the normal limits. Shereshevsky-Turner's syndrome with pure agenesis displayed a retention of the feedback in the hypophysis-gonad system, this being indicated by reduction of the LH level against the background of estrogen therapy. The FSH content was a more informative index for the diagnosis of the gonad agenesis than the LH content. There was revealed no correlation between the kariotypes and the gonadotropin level in the patients. Estrogen therapy in the gonad agenesis and dysgenesis is required not only for feminization of the patients, but also for suppression of increased hypothalamic activity characteristic of these cases.