Intraconal orbital displacement of a dental implant treated with an endoscopically-assisted approach.

Foreign bodies in the orbit are uncommon, and dental intraconal displacement is even more rare. We aim to present and discuss what is to our knowledge the first case and its management. A 55-year-old woman had a dental implant placed in the upper right maxilla, but during the procedure it was displaced into the orbit. It was removed reliably and safely through an enlarged endoscopic medial maxillectomy.

The pedicled buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction.

AIM: Aim of the study was to present a follow-up on 46 cases in which pedical buccal fat pad (BFP) flaps were used to repair oral defects without any additional local flaps or skin grafts. METHODS: The study comprised 46 patients, 31 men and 15 women, with an age range of 30-78 years (mean age 57.3 years). They were treated with a pedicled flap to repair defects of the ipsilateral maxilla (anterior or posterior), soft palate or retromolar mandibular area following tumor resection, osteonecrosis or the closure of oro-antral fistulae. The defects ranged from 2 × 2.5 cm to 4.5 × 5 cm. All patients were treated under general anesthesia. RESULTS: The flap fully covered the intraoral defect with any aesthetic deficits. After one month, the flap was fully epithelialized and of adequate thickness in all cases. Three postoperative complications were reported: one superficial necrosis and two small fistulae. CONCLUSION: Although the BFP has long been recognized and despite the simplicity of preparing the flap itself, numerically significant reports concerning the use of this technique in reconstructive facial surgery have only recently been published. The pedicled buccal fat flap is convenient and reliably repairs oral defects up to 4.5 cm in diameter on the ipsilateral side of the soft and hard palate, posterior alveolar region of the maxilla and the retromolar mandibular area. The surgical procedure is simple and morbidity at the donor site in not significant.

Edentulous mandible: clinical results of reconstruction with fresh frozen bone.

AIM: The aim of this study was the clinical and radiological evaluation in severe mandibular atrophy (class V-VI Cadwood-Howell) of bone grafts with homologous fresh frozen bone (FFB) in patients with dysesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve with or without transposition of the NAI in order to perform a proper implant-prosthetic rehabilitation. METHODS: This article presents our experience in mandibular reconstructions performed in 12 patients with severe mandibular atrophy and dysesthesia performing onlay grafts with FFB and subsequent implant-prosthetic rehabilitation. RESULTS: The surgical protocol of homologous bone graft in symptomatic patients with severe mandibular atrophy presented an excellent clinical outcome with disappearance of dysesthesia in all patients treated, good graft integration and a complete implant-prosthetic rehabilitation with loss of only 3 implants at the 24-36 month follow up visit. CONCLUSION: Homologous bone grafting in patients with severe mandibular atrophy may be a viable therapeutic option in cases of prosthetic reconstruction in those symptomatic patients who cannot tolerate removable dentures, reducing intraoperative time, patient morbidity and the complications in common sites of autologous bone graft removal.