ABSTRACT
ß-Lactamase inhibitors with a bicyclic urea core and a variety of heterocyclic side chains were prepared and evaluated as potential partners for combination with imipenem to overcome class A and C ß-lactamase mediated antibiotic resistance. The piperidine analog 3 (MK-7655) inhibited both class A and C ß-lactamases in vitro. It effectively restored imipenem's activity against imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas and Klebsiella strains at clinically achievable concentrations. A combination of MK-7655 and Primaxin® is currently in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections.
Subject(s)
Azabicyclo Compounds/chemistry , Azabicyclo Compounds/pharmacology , Cilastatin/chemistry , Drug Discovery , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Imipenem/chemistry , beta-Lactamase Inhibitors , Cilastatin/pharmacology , Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination , Crystallography, X-Ray , Drug Combinations , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects , Imipenem/pharmacology , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Klebsiella/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Models, Biological , Pseudomonas/drug effects , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Amino-anthranilic acid derivatives have been identified as a new class of low serum shifted, high affinity full agonists of the human orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR109a with improved ADME properties.
Subject(s)
Drug Discovery , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists , Animals , Fluorine/chemistry , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Mice , Molecular Structure , Niacin/chemical synthesis , Niacin/chemistry , Niacin/pharmacology , Pyridines/chemical synthesis , Pyridines/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, NicotinicABSTRACT
[reaction: see text] Glucal 3-carbamates 1 and 7 underwent oxidative cyclization with iodobenzene diacetate or iodosobenzene in the presence of Rh2(OAc)4, providing mannosamine 2-N,3-O-oxazolidinones. With iodosobenzene, incorporation of 4-penten-1-ol provided a readily separable anomeric mixture of n-pentenyl glycosides, with the anomers exhibiting pronounced differences in reactivity as glycosyl donors. N-acylation of the sugar oxazolidinones led to alpha-selective glycosyl donors for the elaboration of various 2-mannosamine frameworks. Alternatively, the anomeric n-pentenyl glycosides of N-Cbz 2-mannosamine oxazolidinones were converted separately to oxazolidinone-opened derivatives 28alpha and 28beta. These served as stereoconvergent glycosyl donors, and the alpha-linked products were readily advanced to a variety of N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) frameworks, using an intramolecular O-->N acetyl transfer as the final step.
