Identification of gold nanoparticle-resistant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggests a role for respiratory metabolism in mediating toxicity.

Positively charged gold nanoparticles (0.8-nm core diameter) reduced yeast survival, but not growth, at a concentration of 10 to 100 µg/ml. Among 17 resistant deletion mutants isolated in a genome-wide screen, highly significant enrichment was observed for respiration-deficient mutants lacking genes encoding proteins associated with the mitochondrion.