ABSTRACT
During cultivation of the filamentous fungus Lentinus tigrinus on a medium containing lignin, a high oxygen content stimulated the growth of the fungus and contributed to the yield of lipids. A high content of phosphatidic acid and a reduction in the level of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine were first detected in the composition of phospholipids. Changes in the composition of neutral lipids, such as variation in the ratio of esterified and free sterols, have occurred; thus, the amount of sterol esters reduced simultaneously with a decrease in the content of free fatty acids. Based on the obtained results, the possible role of phosphatidic acid as a second messenger in the process of the consumption of lignin by the fungus Lentinus tigrinus is discussed.
Subject(s)
Lentinula/metabolism , Lignin/metabolism , Phosphatidic Acids/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylethanolamines/metabolism , Phosphatidylserines/metabolism , Culture Media , Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism , Fermentation , Lentinula/drug effects , Lentinula/growth & development , Lipid Metabolism , Oxygen/metabolism , Oxygen/pharmacology , Signal Transduction , Sterols/metabolismABSTRACT
The main stages in the production of biodiesel fuel from lipids of filamentous fungi belonging to the order Mucorales are described. Fungi of the family Cunninghamellaceae have been screened; the lipogenic activity of the examined strains has been assessed; and a producer generating up to 50% of lipids, represented by triacylglycerols, has been found. The substitution effect of a source of carbon and nitrogen with less expensive components (in particular, various industrial wastes) has been studied, as well as their influence on the quantity and major characteristics of the final product. An ecologically friendly method for extracting lipids from fungal mycelia, utilizing supercritical technologies, has been used. A correlation between the lipid content in the spore inoculum and the maximal lipid content in biomass has been discovered; this correlation is proposed for optimizing the biotechnology and increasing the yield of final products.
Subject(s)
Biofuels , Biomass , Lipid Metabolism/physiology , Lipids/biosynthesis , Lipids/chemistry , Mucorales , Mucorales/chemistry , Mucorales/growth & development , Mucorales/metabolismABSTRACT
Retrospective analysis of 99 consecutive cases of acute severe pancreatitis established presence of systemic inflammation in all patients. Magnitude of acute phase response was characterised by C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6 values. Progression to multiple organ failure raised considerably lethality. Failure developed more frequently in respiratory system, liver and kidneys. General mortality was 38,4%.
