[The pharmacodynamics of theophylline (euphylline)]. / Farmakodinamika teofillina (éufillina).

A single intravenous administration of 2.4%-10.0 euphylline to 35 patients with obstructive affections of the lungs entailed a broncholytic effect in large airways in patients with reversible obstruction under sub-therapeutical theophylline concentrations in the serum. In patients with mixed type of the obstruction and restrictive disturbances ineffective ventilation got worse, ventilation-perfusion relations disagreed, hemoglobin affinity to oxygen grew, pulmonary artery pressure dropped against the signs of pulmonary hypertension, EEG changed according to asynchronism pattern corresponding to brain hyperactivity. There was also elevation of both norepinephrine and epinephrine serum levels due to slow parenchymatous hepatic circulation which inhibited clearance of the substances. There was no relationship between changes in the indices and theophylline concentrations in the range 3.8-8.8 micrograms/ml.

[Comparison of two methods for therapeutic drug monitoring: FPIA (TDx) and Emit]. / Sravnenie dvukh metodov dlia terapevticheskogo lekarstvennotgo monitoringa: FPIA (TDx) i Emit.

Two procedures of immunoassay used for therapeutic drug monitoring were studied: fluorescence-polarization immunoassay using specific reagents and analyzer TDx ("Abbott") and enzyme immunoassay using specific reagents from "Syva" and analyzer Centrifichem 600 ("Baker Instr"). Control blood sera containing known concentrations of theophylline and quinidine as well as blood sera from patients treated with these drugs were analyzed within low, middle and high ranges. The data of both these procedures correlated at the high rate (r-0.93-0.96). Identity, reproducibility and accuracy of the theophylline and quinidine concentrations measurement using fluorescence-polarization immunoassay constituted 1.4-3.5%, 2.0-8.5% and 95-109%, respectively, thus satisfying the high requirements and were superior as compared with corresponding parameters of the enzyme immunoassay.

[Clinical effectiveness of delayed-action theophylline preparations]. / Klinicheskaia éffektivnost' prolongirovannykh preparatov teofillina.

Clinical efficiency of course treatment has been assessed for 5 long-acting drugs of theophylline series: retaphylline (Finland), theo-dur (Sweden), durophylline (Yugoslavia), theopek and theobilong (USSR). The drugs were tested in 139 patients with chronic++ bronchial obstruction. It was established that first-line therapy with theophylline should be started with low doses (400 mg/day) and last for 3 days to define individual sensitivity to theophylline drugs followed by increasing doses. On day 7 serum theophylline levels were to be measured for control and dose correction. In cross administration and adequate doses the drugs activity was similar. For patients suffering from nocturnal asthma attacks it was an atypical doze regimen implying administration of two-thirds of the day, dose in the evening that produced the highest effect. The incidence and severity of CNS, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects varied with the dose blood concentration and individual sensitivity to theophylline.

[Pharmacokinetic research on theophylline]. / Issledovanie farmakokinetiki teofillina.

Blood serum theophylline concentrations were studied in 6 volunteers and 8 patients with bronchospastic syndrome by using an enzyme immunological assay with a commercial kit "Fedesim" (USA) at intravenous and oral administration of euphylline in a dose of 5 mg/kg. The maximal concentration at intravenous injection of euphylline was reached in volunteers in 15 minutes, at oral administration--in 90 minutes, and in patients--somewhat later.

[Virus-specific proteins in cells transformed by the chicken sarcoma virus D6]. / Issledovanie virusspetsificheskikh belkov v kletkakh, transformirovannykh virusom sarkomy kur D6.

The structural proteins and the oncogene product of the avian sarcoma virus (ASV) D6 were analyzed by the radioimmunoprecipitation. ADV D6 was obtained from the chemically induced tumour. ASV D6 contains all the structural proteins found in RSV, but some of them (p19, gp 85) differ from those of RSV. The product of ASV D6 oncogene is pp65src. The protein kinase activity of this src protein is identical to that of wt pp60src. The nature of some other proteins, which can be phosphorylated in this reaction, is discussed.

[Expression of C-type oncornavirus proteins in tumors of CC57BR mice]. / Vyrazhenie belkov onkornavirusov C-tipa v opukholiakh myshei CC57BR.

Murine endogenous oncornavirus (C-type) genome expression was investigated in methylcholanthrene-induced (MC-induced) tumours of low-leukemic CC57BR mice by means of the radioimmunodiffusion method, using the precipitating test-systems. The gs-1 antigen of murine C-type viral p30 protein and Gross leukemia virus type-specific antigen (AGLV) served as viral genome markers. The gs-1 antigen was found in the primary and continuous MC-induced sarcomas, whereas AGLV appeared only during the tumour passage. A distinct association was revealed between the quantity of p30 protein (gs-1 antigen titre) and the presence of AGLV. Simultaneously with the appearance of AGLV the gs-1 titre increased markedly and the AGLV disappearance was always accompanied by a decrease of the gs-1 titre. The data presented suggest a coordinated expression of the two investigated proteins of murine C-type endogenous oncornaviruses in the chemically-induced tumours of CC57BR mice.

[Detection of antigens of endogenous viruses of the C-type during mouse development]. / Vyiavlenie antigenov éndogennykh virusov C-tipa v protsesse razvitiia u myshei.

Embryos of the 12th-20th day of gestation, newborn and adult AKR and BALB/c mice were investigated for the presence of mouse C-type virus major structural p30 protein (gs-1) and Gross leukemia virus type-specific antigen AGLV) by means of radioimmunodiffusion with test systems. The p30 protein was distinctly determined from the 12th day of intrauterine development in both mouse lines; it persisted in the embryo tissues until birth and was detectable also in the AKR and BALB/c mouse tissues from the first days of postnatal development and during the whole life. AGLV was not revealed in BALB/c and AKR embryos and in adult BALB/c mice; however it was found in the AKR newborn mice since the 1st-2nd day after birth. Basing on these data a conclusion was drawn that p30 protein and AGLV were expressed independently according to the radioimmuno-diffusion method sensitivity.