ABSTRACT
AIM: To calculate the index of years of life lost population due to premature death in the Tomsk region in 2012, and the contribution of various groups of diseases in the total indicator DALY among males and females. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the calculation of DALY used the number and the gender and age structure of the population of Tomsk region by 01.01.2012, according to Rosstat. To conduct the calculation of DALY used the methodology presented by the world Bank in the report "Investing in health" in 1993 According to the methodology, the DALY is the number of years of life of the population, lived with disability or other health problems, and lost due to premature death. RESULTS: The total loss of DALYs in the Tomsk region by the end of 2012 amounted 112,3, per 1000 population (11.6 +/- 8.9). In the structure of DALYs by cause of death 1st place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system, 2nd injury and poisoning, 3rd neoplasms. CONCLUSIONS: The indicator DALY in the Tomsk region are significantly lower than the Russian Federation as a whole (according to S.A. Leonov--1.25 times, according to G. Yang--2 times). The relatively low level of DALYs in the Tomsk region is associated with favourable compared with other regions of the age structure (younger populations). It should also be noted that more than 70% of population live in urban areas, where, as is known, the availability of medical care are higher than in rural.
Subject(s)
Disabled Persons/statistics & numerical data , Quality-Adjusted Life Years , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality, Premature/trends , Retrospective Studies , Siberia/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Laser Raman spectroscopy has been used to study calcium binding to calmodulin, Ca2+-dependent regulator protein. Cation binding accompanied by spectral changes of tyrosine residues in the regions of Fermi-resonance doublet and 1600-1620 cm-1, of some carboxylate-containing residues, amide I, III and C-C(N) skeletal vibrations. Amide III contour analysis and calculations of Amide I contours show that complexation causes peptide backbone conformational changes characterized mainly by increased alpha-helical content.
Subject(s)
Calcium/metabolism , Calmodulin/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Protein Conformation , Spectrum Analysis, RamanABSTRACT
Tertiapin, a neurotoxin from the honey bee venom, interacts specifically with calmodulin in the presence of Ca2+. The nature of this interaction was studied using calmodulin-cAMP phosphodiesterase system. Tertiapin does not affect the unstimulated basal activity of phosphodiesterase. However, it totally inhibits the enzyme-activating capacity of calmodulin. Analysis of the dose-dependent activation of phosphodiesterase by calmodulin in the presence of tertiapin indicated that inhibition is caused by the interaction of two tertiapin molecules with calmodulin (Kd 2 microM). The data obtained suggest that the toxic effect of tertiapin in nervous tissue is mediated by blockade of calmodulin function.
