ABSTRACT
The primary precondition for the application of electronic data processing (EDP) are organisational measures including adequate personnel who are needed for preparatory work. Special documentation and coding systems must be introduced for the purpose of data preparation, whereby the size of the EDP equipment (hardware) depends on the problem to be tackled. The EDP programms (software) should be designed in such a way that every doctor is able to operate the EDP equipment even with little knowledge of data processing. Equipment ranges from minicomputers and centralized computer systems to integrated information systems. Whereas today well-designed application models for minicomputers already exist, the integrated information system is still in a development stage.
Subject(s)
Computers , Hospital Departments/organization & administration , Information Systems/organization & administration , Surgery Department, Hospital/organization & administration , Hospital Records/standards , HumansSubject(s)
Abdominal Neoplasms/surgery , Laparotomy/methods , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Early cancer of the rectum, limited to mucosa and submucosa, can be expected in 11% of all malignant lesions of the rectum. Metastatic spread is found in a high percentage of cases (up to 50%), especially in exulcerated or sessile tumors. Local excision of this lesion is therefore restricted to very few, favorable cases, because the rate of recurrence is high. Low anastomosis after resection shows not only a high rate of recurrence, but also many cases with incomplete or complete anal incontinence. Therefore, radical excision of the rectum with colostomy remains the therapy of choice.
Subject(s)
Colostomy , Postoperative Complications , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Fecal Incontinence/etiology , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Methods , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Tumors of the colon and rectum belong to the most frequent malignant diseases in the German Federal Republic. Only operative therapy ensures an optimal rate of success. In metastasizing and advanced local tumors, additional chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be taken into consideration. Also, preoperative radiotherapy may improve the chances of a cure in rectal carcinoma. An exact classification of the tumor is essential for a reliable prognosis. The Dukes tumor classification, still frequently used today, is inadequate for clinical application. Since the UICC has withdrawn the proposed classification for tumors of the colon and rectum, the Heidelberg proposed classification is presented, which is based on the degree of infiltration of the primary tumor and on the degree of metastatic dissemination.
Subject(s)
Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control , Palliative Care , Preoperative Care , Prognosis , Rectal Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Urodynamic investigations in 96 patients with carcinoma of rectum showed that the term "postoperative atony" does not describe the measurable alterations following excision of the rectum. Postoperative mechanical disorders of micturition and neurogenic lesions were analysed under the aspect of future therapy.
