ABSTRACT
Objetivou-se com este estudo comparar os efeitos do fornecimento de dietas glicogênicas ou lipogênicas sobre metabolitos sanguíneos e hormônios em vacas primíparas (n=40) durante o período de transição. Os animais foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em quatro tratamentos: controle, sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (Megalac-E, 100g pré-parto e 250g pós-parto), soja tostada (400g pré-parto e 800g pós-parto) e propilenoglicol (300ml pré e pós-parto). Os suplementos foram fornecidos individualmente. Foram realizadas coletas de sangue para determinação das concentrações plasmáticas de insulina, glicose, ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE) e IGF-I. As concentrações de insulina e de glicose foram maiores nos animais do tratamento com sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. A maior concentração de AGNE foi observada no grupo controle. A concentração plasmática de IGF-I foi mais elevada para os animais do tratamento que receberam suplementos lipogênicos. A adição de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados a dieta foi capaz de amenizar as mudanças hormonais e metabólicas características do período de transição.(AU)
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of glycogenic supply or lipogenic diets on blood metabolites and hormones in primiparous dairy cows (n=40) during the transition period. The animals were randomly assigned to four treatments: control, calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (Megalac-E, 100g prepartum and 250g postpartum), roasted soybeans (400g prepartum and 800g postpartum) and propylene glycol (300ml pre- and postpartum). The supplements were provided individually. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and IGF-I. The glucose and insulin concentrations were higher in calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment. The highest concentration of NEFA was observed in the control group. The plasma concentrations of IGF-I were higher for the treatments with lipogenic supplements. Adding calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids diet was able to ease the hormonal and metabolic changes of the transition period features.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Cattle/metabolism , Cattle/blood , Electronic Supplementary MaterialsABSTRACT
La terapia cognitivo-conductual ha sido considerada, durante los últimos años, como una de las estrategias terapéuticas, empíricamente comprobadas, para el tratamiento de los trastornos obsesivo compulsivos, tanto en población adulta como infantil. En combinación con este tipo de intervención, debido a las importantes implicaciones psicosociales que presenta este trastorno, se consideran de vital importancia las intervenciones psicoeducativas en el entorno familiar y escolar. En todo este proceso será importante la formación e implicación tanto de los padres como de los maestros, en relación a las características del trastorno y de la terapéutica cognitivo-conductual. En las páginas ulteriores se presentan los dosieres de información que han sido redactados como parte del protocolo de intervención de los trastornos obsesivo-compulsivos en niños y adolescentes (AU)
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/therapy , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Psychology, Child , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology , Family/psychology , Clinical Protocols , Health Education , Parents/education , Child Behavior/psychologyABSTRACT
Entre los tratamientos de primera elección para el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo, una de las estrategias empíricamente comprobadas tanto en población adulta como infantil es la terapia cognitiva. El tratamiento de este tipo de trastornos requiere una intervención de tipo multidisciplinar, donde en combinación con la terapia cognitivo-conductual, deberemos incorporar actuaciones de tipo psicoeducativo en el entorno familiar y escolar. En este proceso será importante la formación y el trabajo combinado con padres y maestros. En las siguientes páginas se presenta la información que ha sido estructurada, en la Unidad de Paidopsiquiatría del Hospital Materno-Infantil de la Vall d'Hebron en respuesta a las necesidades que presentaba nuestro protocolo de intervención para los trastornos obsesivo-compulsivo en niños y adolescentes (AU)
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Humans , Compulsive Personality Disorder/therapy , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Compulsive Personality Disorder/psychology , Compulsive Personality Disorder/drug therapy , Patient Care Team , Interpersonal Relations , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology , Parents/educationABSTRACT
Gestational age assessed by dorsal spine length (DSL) was compared with that based on date of the last menstrual period (LMP). This study was performed in 70 newborn infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit requiring chest radiography, by which dorsal spine length was measured (figure 1). Gestational age ranged from 23 to 42 weeks. Regression analysis were performed on DSL and gestational age. Estimation error was evaluated based on the percentage of agreement in weeks (validity) and the difference in averages between both methods (accuracy) (table I and figure 2). Variations during the first week of life were also studied and no significant differences were found. For infants born at 31 weeks or less, DSL overestimated gestational age in one week. There was no differences between 32 and 36 weeks, and over 37 weeks, underestimation was one week (figure 3). With this correction a table was built estimating gestational age for different DSL; percentage of agreement was 91.4% for +/- 3 weeks (table III). This methodology assists the clinician to evaluate gestational age by an objective method, that does not vary during the first week of life and that can be obtained retrospectively.