ABSTRACT
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of several bioactive extracts obtained from Cerrado and Atlantic Forest plant species led to the isolation of potent DNA-damaging piperidine 1-5 and guanidine alkaloids 6-9 from Cassia leptophylla and Pterogyne nitens respectively, two common Leguminosae from Atlantic Forest. By means of biotechnological approach on Maytenus aquifolium, a species from Cerrado, moderate DNA-damaging sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloid 10-11 was isolated. Bioassay-guided fractionation on Casearia sylvestris, a medicinal plant species found in Cerrado and Atlantic Forest, led to the isolation of clerodane diterpenes 12-13 which showed effect on DNA. In addition, we have reported several interesting potent antifungal iridoids: 1 beta-hydroxy-dihydrocornin (14), 1 alpha-hydroxy-dihydrocornin (15), alpha-gardiol (16), beta-gardiol (17), plumericin (18), isoplumericin (19), 11-O-trans-caffeoylteucrein (20); ester derivative: 2-methyl-4-hydroxy-butyl-caffeoate (21), amide N-[7-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2Z, 4Z-heptadienoyl] pyrrolidine (22) and triterpene viburgenin (23).
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal , Brazil , DNA Damage , Plant Extracts/therapeutic useABSTRACT
In addition to nerolidol, 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-8-(3'-methyl-2'-butenyl)-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylate, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylate and methyl 8-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylate, two new natural products were isolated from the leaves of Piper aduncum, 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-chromene-6-carboxylic acid and 3-(3',7'-dimethyl-2',6'-octadienyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acid. The structures of the isolates were established based on analysis of spectroscopic data, including ES-MS. The DNA-damaging activity of the isolated compounds was also investigated against mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Subject(s)
Benzoates/isolation & purification , Benzopyrans/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Benzoates/chemistry , Benzopyrans/chemistry , Hydroxybenzoate Ethers , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/growth & development , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
Phytochemical investigation of Chioccoca alba afforded three new iridoids, alboside I, alboside II and alboside III, and a new seco-iridoid alboside V. Alboside IV showed moderate activity towards the DNA repair-deficient mutant RS321 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The structural elucidation of the new compounds was performed by ES-MS and by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods.
Subject(s)
Glucosides/isolation & purification , Pyrans/isolation & purification , Rubiaceae/chemistry , Glucosides/chemistry , Glucosides/pharmacology , Iridoids , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Pyrans/chemistry , Pyrans/pharmacology , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
Bioactivity-directed fractionation of the MeCOEt extract of Trichilia emetica (Meliaceae) resulted in the isolation of the limonoids nymania 1 (1), drageana 4 (3), trichilin A (4), rohituka 3 (5), and Tr-B (7) and the novel seco-A protolimonoid 8. Of these, nymania 1 and Tr-B showed selective inhibitory activity toward DNA repair-deficient yeast mutants. The isolation, structure elucidation, 13C NMR spectral assignments, and biological activities of these compounds are reported.
