[The conditioned-reflex reaction of the sympathoadrenal system to an aversive taste stimulus]. / Uslovnoreflektornaia reaktsiia simpatiko-adrenalovoi sistemy na aversivnyi vkusovoi stimul.

A non-reinforced taste stimulus with aversive properties was found to increase the level of excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, thus reflecting occurring anxiety. The dopamine increase seems to be due to unspecific reasons of the experimental procedure. Catecholamines increase more in males rather than in females. The conditioned taste aversion seems to be preserved for a longer period of time in activating of the sympathetic-adrenal system.

[Sex dimorphism in the patterns of conditioned-reflex taste aversion and orienting-exploratory and passive-defensive behaviors]. / Polovoi dimorfizm v patternakh uslovnoreflektornoi vkusovoi aversii i orientirovochno-issledovatel'skogo i passivno-oboronitel'nogo povedeniia.

The patterns of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) and of some other types of behaviour were compared in adult male and female Wistar rats. Correlations between the CTA variables, on the one hand, and those of the exploratory and defensive behaviours, on the other, were shown. Females displayed initially less expressed CTA and more rapid its extinction than males. While tested in the open field, in a six-arm radial maze and in a special enclosed cubic chamber with holes in its vertical walls the females demonstrated higher levels of exploratory and locomotor activities with lower levels of emotionality and defensive behaviour than males. Sex differences were revealed in correlations between variables of CTA and behavioural responses under study. Thus, CTA patterns appear to be one of the manifestations of sexual dimorphism in non-reproductive behaviour.

[Sex dimorphism in the formation and extinction of aversion acquired to known and unknown tastes]. / Polovoi dimorfizm pri formirovanii i ugashenii aversii, vyrabatyvaemoi k znakomomu i neznakomomu vkusu.

One group of Wistar rats were taught to consume 0.2% solution of saccharin up to stable preference of the latter to water. The aversion was established by means of an angle acceleration rotation. This was preceded by feeding the saccharin solution unfamiliar to the second group of rats. The aversion formed more obviously in the second group animals. The data obtained is discussed from the standpoint of sexual characteristics of the taste preference, defence behaviour, ecological specifics of interaction of males and females with ambient milieu.