ABSTRACT
It was compared the diuretic activity of the sodium salt of 4-(O-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid for enteral (intragastric) and parenteral ways of administration. The test substance was administered enterally and parenterally (subcutaneously in the region of the withers) in a daily dose of 18 µmol/kg for the first seven days and in a dose of 54 mmol/kg for the next seven days. Diuretic activity of the sodium salt of 4-(O-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid was evaluated in terms of urine volume. Urine was analyzed for creatinine and the concentration of sodium, potassium and chloride ions. Experiments showed that the sodium salt of 4-(O-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid produced a diuretic effect only for the enteral administration route.
Subject(s)
Benzoates/pharmacology , Diuretics/pharmacology , Animals , Creatinine/urine , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Female , Potassium/urine , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sodium/urineABSTRACT
Gastric ulceration properties (gastrointestinal toxicity) of the sodium salt of 4-(0-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy) benzoic acid, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intended for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of the kidney and urinary tract, have been tested on laboratory animals. Acute NSAID-induced gastropathy was induced in rats by oral administration of indomethacin, nimesulide, diclofenac, acetylsalicylic acid and the new drug. Test animals were killed by instantaneous decapitation 4 h after treatment and their gastrointestinal tracts were studied by pathomorphological methods on micropreparations and histological sections of gastric mucosa. It was established that the new drug, in contrast to reference NSAIDS, did not exhibit gastropathic action on the gastric mucosa.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Benzoates , Gastric Mucosa , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy , Stomach Ulcer , Urologic Diseases/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Benzoates/adverse effects , Benzoates/pharmacology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/metabolism , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
We have evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of the sodium salt of 4-(O-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid in comparison to well-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Carrageenan suspension (1%, 0.1 mL) was injected into subplantar region of the right hindpaw of rats (n = 12) pretreated (7 days and 60 min before carrageenan injection) intragastrically with methyl ester of 4(ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid (20 mg/kg), acetylsalicylic acid (20 mg/kg), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (20 mg/kg), or vehicle (2 mL of purified water). Paw edema volume was measured plethysmographically at 1, 2 and 4 h after carrageenan injection. The results showed that intragastric administration of the sodium salt of 4-(O-ß-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid in a dose of 20 mg/kg for 7 days decreased the intensity of experimental inflammation.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Edema/drug therapy , Hydroxybenzoates/pharmacology , Plantar Plate/drug effects , Animals , Aspirin/pharmacology , Carrageenan/administration & dosage , Drug Administration Schedule , Edema/chemically induced , Edema/pathology , Female , Hindlimb , Intubation, Gastrointestinal , Plantar Plate/pathology , Plethysmography , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
This study was aimed at estimation of the diuretic and saluretic activity of 4-nitrophenyl-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside and its aglicon 4-nitrophenol in rats. Test animals daily received 4-nitrophenyl-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (group 1) and 4-nitrophenol (group 2) intragastrically in 2 mL of distilled water in a dose of 18 µmol/kg from 1st to 7th day and 54 µmol/kg from 8th to 14th days. During the experiment, the most pronounced diuretic activity was observed for 4-nitrophenyl-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside in a dose of 54 µmol/kg, which increased the diuresis in rats 2.5 times as compared to the control value.
Subject(s)
Diuresis/drug effects , Diuretics/pharmacology , Glucosides/pharmacology , Nitrophenols/pharmacology , Animals , Cations, Monovalent , Diuresis/physiology , Diuretics/chemical synthesis , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Gastric Absorption , Glucosides/chemical synthesis , Nitrophenols/chemical synthesis , Potassium/urine , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Sodium/urine , Water/metabolismSubject(s)
Epidural Abscess/complications , Furunculosis/complications , Laminectomy , Osteomyelitis/complications , Sepsis/surgery , Staphylococcal Infections/complications , Surgical Wound Infection/etiology , Acute Disease , Adult , Epidural Abscess/surgery , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Furunculosis/surgery , Humans , Osteomyelitis/surgery , Sepsis/etiology , Staphylococcal Infections/surgery , Surgical Wound Infection/surgery , Thoracic VertebraeABSTRACT
Mental counting of self heartbeats results in changes of parameters of heart rhythm--domain and other frequencies of the RR-intervals, especially, high frequencies (0.15-0.4 Hz), which are relevant to respiration. The accuracy of mental counting of the heartbeats (the ratio of traced beats to the number of registered ones) corresponds to individual relations between the frequencies, regularity, and total number of the heartbeats. A possibility of the voluntary regulation of respiration as the cause of changes in the heartbeat frequency is discussed in terms of the center-periphery integration (system approach) for optimal perception of self heartbeats.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Heart Rate/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Choristoma , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Jejunal Diseases , Pancreas , Choristoma/complications , Choristoma/surgery , Emergencies , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Jejunal Diseases/complications , Jejunal Diseases/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Shock, Hemorrhagic/diagnosis , Shock, Hemorrhagic/etiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE) was performed in 330 patients aged from 14 to 77 years; it was completed successfully in 308 (93.3%) patients. Conversion to laparotomy and standard cholecystectomy was carried out in 22 patients (6.7%) due chiefly (86.4%) to inflammatory disorders of infrahepatic area. 188 (61%) LCE were performed for chronic calculous cholecystitis, 120--for acute calculous cholecystitis. In the latter group destructive forms of cholecystitis were revealed in 34.2% patients. Combined with LCE interventions were performed in 13 patients (4.2%). There were no lethal outcomes after LCE. Severe intra- and postoperative complications occurred in 26 (8.4%) patients; laparotomy for removing these complications was necessary in 3 patients (1%).
