[Prediction of the effectiveness of a health care organization system for Muscovites in case of scab].

The present paper gives data on prediction of the number of Muscovites and homeless individuals who suffered from scab in 1998-2005. As of 2005, the difference in the expected and actual number of scab patients among the Muscovites and the homeless was 4.3 and 13% less than the expected values, respectively. At the same time the authors show that over 6 years (2005-2010) the incidence of scab will be able to reduce by 43.5 and 48.7% among the Muscovites and the homeless, respectively. Due to the extensive use of the inexpensive, safe, and most effective drugs medifox and medifox-super to treat scab and disinfect its foci, the efficiency of the treatment and prevention of scab has considerably increased. The above and other measures implemented by a dermatovenereological service and the concerned organizations improved the rating of Moscow: if it occupied the tenth place in the incidence of scab in 1999, then in 2003 it ranked third among the subjects of the Russian Federation.

[Informational support of the scabies control system in Moscow]. / Informatsionnoe obespechenie sistemy organizatsii bor'by s chesotkoi v Moskve.

The paper describes the basic elements of informational provision of the scabies control system in Moscow which are presented as 3 components (sections): statistic, dynamic, and prognostic. Comparing the statistic and dynamic components of informational flows allows one to predict (a prognostic component) the evolution of the scabies epidemiological situation and the most promising trends in the improvement of the scabies control system in Moscow.

[Effective scabies control system in Moscow]. / Effektivnaia sistema organizatsii bor'by s chesotkoi v Moskve.

The analysis using the systems approach, analogue simulation, practical conclusions of the probability theory, mathematical statistical methods, programme-oriented work organization revealed and eliminated a number of neglects that had put bounds to scabies morbidity reduction among Moscovites. In 1998, the number of the foci that dermatovenereological facilities were unaware of substantially showed a 6.9-fold decrease. Therefore, the incidence of scabies reduced by 14.6% in the city in 1998. The paper presents the guidelines developed by the authors, which will ensure that the incidence rates of scabies be 25.07 per 100,000 Moscovites by 2005. It analyzes the scabies epidemiological situation among the homeless and possible measures to promote health in this group of persons.

[A set of special devices made of polymer INPOLIN material for the treatment of cavernous tuberculosis]. / Nabor spetsial'nykh izdelii iz polimernykh materialov INPOLIN dlia lecheniia kavernoznogo tuberkuleza.

The kit INPOLIN is intended for the local therapy of a tuberculosis cavern by spraying its walls with the powdery medicinal preparation. The kit includes a trochar for the cavern puncture, a device for the long-term fixation of the trochar tube in the cavern, a superchanging device with a spray and catheters. INPOLIN is intended for one course of treatment. The article describes the design of the instruments, their technical characteristics and the methods of using them.

[Effectiveness of soluble rifampicin in combination with other antibacterial preparations in treating disseminated destructive pulmonary tuberculosis in an experiment]. / Effektivnost' rastvorimogo rifampitsina v komplekse s drugimi antibakterial'nymi preparatami pri lechenii rasprostranennogo destruktivnogo tuberkuleza legkikh v éksperimente.

Efficacy of a new rifampicin dosage form developed at the All-Union Research Institute of Antibiotics was studied on dogs with extensive destructive tuberculosis of the lungs. Intracavernous instillation and rapid intravenous administration (RIA) of the drug in combination with 10 per cent solution of isoniazid and intramuscular administration of streptomycin were used. Intracavernous instillation of rifampicin in combination with 10 per cent solution of isoniazid was performed under the control of an x-ray unit with an image converter tube or with the developed administration procedure through an indwelling catheter. Intracavernous administration of the drugs was alternated with their RIA: either one-stage administration of the antibiotic in daily half doses to each cavern followed by RIA every second day or RIA of a daily half dose in the morning followed by intracavernous instillation of the second half dose to one cavern in 5-6 hours and the second half dose to the other cavern on the next day. Intracavernous instillation of rifampicin in combination with isoniazid together with their RIA in treatment of extensive destructive tuberculosis of the lungs provided 100 per cent elimination of tubercle bacilli in the internal organs of all the dogs and closing of the caverns with cicatrization in 70 per cent of the dogs and formation of microcavities in 30 per cent of the dogs within 30 days.

[Complications and their elimination during the rapid intravenous administration of rifampicin in an experiment]. / Oslozhneniia i ikh ustranenie pri ékspressnom vnutrivennom vvedenii rifampitsina v éksperimente.

Reaction to rapid intravenous administration (RIA) of rifampicin in a dose of 10 mg/kg was studied on 173 healthy dogs. Immediately after the first RIA of rifampicin there were observed vomiting and ataxia of various levels in 5.2 per cent of the animals. After the drug administration their arterial pressure (AP) lowered to 50-60 mm Hg. By the 9th-11th minute it restored to the initial level. A collapse-like condition was recorded immediately after rifampicin RIA in 2.3 per cent of the dogs with marked decreasing of their AP up to 15-20 mm Hg. Its restoration to the initial level was slow and required 35-40 min. It was noted that after the third consecutive RIA of rifampicin the observed reaction disappeared. Probably this was due to adaptation of the host to rifampicin intravenous injections. Mezaton is an efficient agent rapidly arresting the reaction within 1-3 min.

[Comparative effectiveness of the enteral and intravenous administration of rifampicin in treating experimental tuberculosis in rabbits]. / Sravnitel'naia éffektivnost' énteral'nogo i vnutrivennogo vvedeniia rifampitsina pri lechenii éksperimental'nogo tuberkuleza u krolikov.

The efficacy of intravenous and enteral administration of rifampicin was studied comparatively in treatment of hematogenic diseminated tuberculosis in rabbits. The drugs were administered in a dose of 10 mg/kg for 60 days. The functional state of the liver was studied in the time course by activity of urokinase, a hepatospecific enzyme and transaminases. Monotherapy with rifampicin capsules administered enterally resulted in death of 66.6 per cent of the animals due to tuberculosis during the first month of the treatment. Completion of the treatment course in 4 rabbits did not result in abacillation. When rifampicin was administered intravenously no deaths of the animals due to tuberculosis were recorded. Complete abacillation of the internal organs was observed in 37.5 per cent of the rabbits. The changes in activity of the indicator enzymes were transient and after discontinuation of the treatment came to normal.

[Effectiveness of the rapid intravenous administration of rifampicin and isoniazid and of the intramuscular administration of streptomycin in disseminated destructive pulmonary tuberculosis in dogs]. / Effektivnost' ékspressnogo vnutrivennogo vvedeniia rifampitsina, izoniazida i vnutrimyshechnogo vvedeniia streptomitsina pri rasprostranennom destruktivnom tuberkuleze legkikh u sobak.

Soluble rifampicin and isoniazid injected rapidly by the intravenous route and streptomycin injected intramuscularly to dogs with disseminated destructive tuberculosis of the lungs provided sterilization of the organs with respect to M. tuberculosis for the period of their use for 2 months. This was confirmed microbiologically. The treatment resulted in resolution of the dissemination foci in the organs and stimulation of immunomorphological and connective tissue reactions in the lungs until the foci cicatrized. The shifts in liver function (bilirubin, ALT and AST) and coagulograms during the treatment were temporary and came to normal by the end of the treatment. The organotropic effect of soluble rifampicin in combination with isoniazid injected rapidly by the intravenous route and streptomycin injected intramuscularly was not observed during the treatment of the dogs with disseminated destructive tuberculosis of the lungs. Rapid intravenous injection of rifampicin in combination with other antimicrobial drugs will provide a significant decrease in the periods of chemotherapy of patients with disseminated destructive tuberculosis of the lungs.

[Attachment for stereoroentgenogrammetric photography]. / Pristavka dlia stereorentgenogrammetricheskoi s''emki.

Construction and operation principles of an automated stereoradiographic set and a stereoradiocomparator with a portable digital computer are described. This technique, when used for radiotopometric purposes, allows rapid determination of precise quantitative data in clinical conditions about internal structure of organism.