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2.
Cognition ; 213: 104652, 2021 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33715840

ABSTRACT

In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), socio-communicative impairments and stereotypical behaviours are paralleled by sensorimotor deficits. Individuals with ASD show an altered selection of motor parameters, resulting in clumsy and fragmented actions. Here, we investigated inter-joint coordination and motor synergies as a potential substrate of motor control problems in ASD. Synergies enable co-controlling redundant motor degrees of freedom (DoF, e.g. joint angles, muscles) by mapping behavioural goals into a flexible and low-dimensional set of variables. This mechanism simplifies motor control and helps to find unambiguous solutions for motor tasks. In a reaching-grasping paradigm, children with ASD showed reduced coupling between DoF, which correlated with socio-communicative symptoms severity. Impaired synergies may help to frame well-established motor problems in ASD, including impaired motor sequencing and abnormal trial-to-trial motor variability. On the other hand, synergies also provide an effective and compact coding system of observed actions. Impaired synergies may thus jeopardize motor interaction by initiating bottom-up cascade effects, leading to pervasive impairments of social behaviour. Finally, we trained an automatic classification algorithm to distinguish between ASD and typically developing (TD) participants based on reaching-grasping kinematics. Classification accuracy reached up to 0.947. This result corroborates and expands previous accounts claiming that motor-based early recognition is feasible and effective in ASD.


Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder , Biomechanical Phenomena , Child , Communication , Hand Strength , Humans , Social Behavior
3.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 42(7): 716-721, 2019 Sep.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31133400

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Dry eye disease (DED) can be evaluated clinically by the tear film break up time (BUT). There is a discrepancy between symptoms in relationship with dry eye disease and objectives measures of BUT. So we tried to evaluate the reliability of BUT in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in black African people. METHODS: We carried out a prospective study of 6 months where melanoderms adults presenting subjective symptoms of dry eye disease according a questionnaire of 7 items were included. Then the measure of BUT is performed after ocular instillation of fluorescein eyedrop. This measured is done by recording the time elapsed from the last complete palpebral blink to the appearance of the first dry spot. Patients with subjective symptoms and time of BUT lower than 10seconds were called concordants (suffering really of DED). The discrepant group was represented by a BUT upper than 10seconds despite the fact that these patients answered positively to the questionnaire. RESULTS: This survey included 234 patients and the average age was 49.1 years. Sex-ratio was 0.68 and we noticed predominance of BUT between 5 and 10seconds in 42.3% of cases. Subjective symptoms were strengthened clinically by a BUT lower to 10seconds in 149 patients. Therefore, the reliability of BUT as clinic tool for the diagnosis after symptoms in relationship with DED was 63.7%. In the group of concordants, women were more likely than men to experience symptoms of DED (P=0.0005). Age upper than 50 years and computer usage were risk factors of DED (P<0.01). DISCUSSION: Dry eye disease is a multifactorial affection of tear and ocular surface frequently seen in female and people using computer and older than 50. The reliability of BUT near to 65% is a reason to perform this test in our daily practice. CONCLUSION: Tear BUT is a reliable clinical test which must be performed systematically to assess the diagnosis of DED in black African people.


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Dry Eye Syndromes/diagnosis , Dry Eye Syndromes/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Blinking/physiology , Cote d'Ivoire/epidemiology , Dry Eye Syndromes/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Lacrimal Apparatus/physiology , Male , Middle Aged , Tears/chemistry , Time Factors , Tropical Climate , Young Adult
4.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 42(1): 44-48, 2019 Jan.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30545678

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is preferably medical. However, when medical therapy fails, alternative or complementary treatments may be considered. In this regard, selective laser trabeculoplasty is a widely popular procedural treatment whose accepted benefits have been very little studied in African blacks. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty on the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in African blacks with POAG. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of black patients treated with selective laser trabeculoplasty between March 2010 and March 2011. All patients had POAG with trabecular meshwork accessible over 360°. The treatment protocol consisted of a 360°treatment in two sessions (180°/session) 15 days apart. Success was defined as decrease from the initial IOP≥3mm Hg without additional medications. RESULTS: We included 44 patients, corresponding to 82 eyes. The mean age of the patients was 55.94±11.66 years with extremes of 19 years and 76 years. The mean intraocular pressure before laser treatment (initial IOP) was 18.43±4.81mm Hg. After laser treatment, the mean pressure reduction was (i) 3.81mm Hg (20.67%) at 15 days ; (ii) 4.08mm Hg (22.14%) at 1 month; (iii) 4.45mm Hg (24.14%) at 3 months; and (iv) 4.95mm Hg (26.86%) at 6 months. The success rate after laser treatment was 67.60% at 15 days, 83.78% at 1 month, 72.09% at 3 months and 80.43% at 6 months. CONCLUSION: Selective laser trabeculoplasty is effective in African blacks. Its efficacy is comparable to that of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor or even a prostaglandin. It could be a complementary or substitutive alternative to POAG medications in African blacks.


Subject(s)
Black People , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/ethnology , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Laser Therapy/methods , Trabeculectomy/methods , Adult , Aged , Black People/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Laser Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Trabeculectomy/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
7.
J Hosp Infect ; 99(1): 8-16, 2018 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29253622

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Given the importance of monitoring healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) and the consumption of antibiotics, a regional point prevalence survey was conducted in Liguria between March and April 2016. AIM: To measure the overall prevalence of HCAI and describe the use of antibiotics in all public hospitals. METHODS: Data on risk factors and use of antibiotics were collected for each hospitalized patient. To define the variables significantly associated with HCAI, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Standardized infection ratio and standardized antimicrobial use ratio were measured for each participating hospital. FINDINGS: A total of 3647 patients were enrolled. In all, 429 HCAIs were diagnosed in 376 patients, giving a prevalence of HCAI of 10.3%. Respiratory tract (21.7%) and urinary tract (20%) were the most frequent sites of infection. High rates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (47.4%) and Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems (26.3%) were isolated. Forty-six percent of patients received at least one antibiotic. Combinations of penicillins including ß-lactamase inhibitors (24.1%) were the most widely used; the main indication (46.7%) was the treatment of a community-acquired infection. CONCLUSION: There was an increase in HCAI prevalence compared to a similar survey conducted in 2007; however, the performance of overlapping investigations will enable more reliable considerations. Nevertheless, data on antimicrobial resistance and use of antibiotics are consistent with the national trend. Despite methodological limitations, prevalence studies are useful to monitor HCAI over time and encourage greater awareness of the problem by all stakeholders.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Drug Utilization , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology , Female , Hospitals, Public , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Italy/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
8.
Med. Afr. noire (En ligne) ; 65(02): 111-120, 2018.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1266287

ABSTRACT

Introduction : L'étude épidémiologique transversale ENDORSE montrait une forte prévalence 52% des patients hospitalisés présentant un risque de MTEV dans le monde dont 64% de patients en chirurgie. Ce risque est encore plus élevé pendant la période obstétricale. Objectif : Evaluer les connaissances et attitudes pratiques sur la prévention de la maladie thrombo-embolique du personnel des services de gynécologie-obstétriques de Côte d'Ivoire. Méthodes : Etude multicentrique, mixte, transversale descriptive avec 198 questionnaires anonymes correctement remplis retenus soit 61,9% et un taux de non-réponses élevé de 19% dans les CHU de Côte d'Ivoire destinés au Personnel soignant des structures concernées ayant donné leur consentement libre et éclairé sur une période de 4 mois allant du 1er avril au 31 juillet 2016. La collecte et le traitement des données a été réalisée grâce aux logiciels Epidata et Epi Info 7.Résultats : L'âge moyen était de 39,3 ans avec des extrêmes de 27 et 60 ans et 58,6% du personnel avait moins de 5 années d'activités dans le service. Il s'agissait en majorité des sages-femmes (60,1%) suivi du personnel médical (39,9%). Soixante et onze virgule quatre pour cent (71,4%) jugeaient leur niveau de connaissances suffisant. Les facteurs de risques les plus cités par le personnel médical et paramédical étaient l'immobilisation prolongée (92,4% et 82,4%) suivie de la chirurgie pelvienne (89,9% et 64,7%) et de la contraception orale (86,1% et 51,3%). Trente-huit pour cent des médecins instauraient une héparinothérapie après un accouchement par voie basse contre 95% pour un accouchement par césarienne. Quatre-vingt-six virgule sept pour cent (86,7%) des médecins débutaient l'héparinothérapie préventive entre 12 et 24 heures du post-partum quel que soit le mode d'accouchement, pendant au moins 3 semaines pour 78% d'entre eux.Conclusion : Cette étude montre une connaissance et des attitudes pratiques approximatives d'où la nécessité d'une formation continue du personnel et l'éducation des patients afin d'assurer l'amélioration continue de la qualité des soins


Subject(s)
Academic Medical Centers , Attitude of Health Personnel , Cote d'Ivoire , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Inpatients , Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital , Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
9.
Med. Afr. noire (En ligne) ; 65(12): 571-580, 2018.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1266317

ABSTRACT

Contexte : La vaginite est un motif fréquent de consultation gynécologique. Dans les pays à ressources limitées, en l'absence de laboratoires d'analyses microbiologiques des sécrétions vaginales, le traitement est prescrit sur la base de l'évaluation clinique.Objectif général : Evaluer l'efficacité de notre pratique concernant la prise en charge des vaginites en situation de vie réelle, par la prescription de l'associationternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®).Méthodologie : Nous avons réalisé, dans trois structures sanitaires d'Abidjan, une étude prospective observationnelle sur cinq mois. Elle a inclus, de façon aléatoire, 233 patientes qui ont donné leur consentement écrit et signé et qui présentaient des signes cliniques évidents de vaginites. N'ont pas été incluses les patientes enceintes et allaitantes, celles qui présentaient des co-infections, des infections sexuellement transmissibles, le VIH, une hypersensibilité ou une idiosyncrasie à l'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®). Les patientes ont été divisées en deux groupes : le groupe de référence (n = 200) pour lequel une analyse microbiologique des sécrétions vaginales était effectuée 2 à 4 jours avant la mise sous traitement et le groupe contrôle (n = 33) pour qui le traitement était débuté d'emblée. Les critères d'évaluation étaient la présence des symptômes cliniques et leur cinétique d'évolution, le bilan microbiologique réalisé 10 à 14 jours après le début du traitement et la survenue d'effets indésirables liés à l'utilisation du médicament (notamment les picotements ou les irritations locales). Les tests statistiques utilisés pour la comparaison des effectifs étaient le khi-deux et le Fisher exact avec un seuil de signification de 5% (p < 0,05).Résultats et discussion : Avant l'instauration du traitement, les leucorrhées pathologiques (178/233) et le prurit vulvaire (157/233) étaient les principaux symptômes rencontrés dans les deux groupes. La prédominance des leucorrhées pathologiques était très significativement différente dans le groupe référence versus le groupe contrôle (p = 0,001).Lors de la visite de contrôle, il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre les deux groupes concernant la présence d'une récidive (p = 0,99). Ainsi l'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®) pourrait représenter une option thérapeutique intéressante chez les femmes présentant des signes cliniques évidents de vaginite, en l'absence d'analyse microbiologique préalable des sécrétions vaginales. L'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®) a démontré son efficacité thérapeutique en cas de vaginite à Candida albicans (VC), de Vaginose Bactérienne (VB), de vaginite à Trichomonas vaginalis (VT), et même en cas d'infection mixte (VM). En effet il a été observé une amélioration significative et rapide (3 à 4 jours maximum) des symptômes (p = 0,001) et un faible taux de récidive biologiquement prouvée dans les deux groupes (3,4%). Durant toute la durée du traitement, les patientes n'ont déclaré aucune réaction allergique liée à l'utilisation de l'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®) (picotements ou irritations locales) et 97,3% des patientes ont été globalement très satisfaites de l'utilisation de l'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®).Conclusion : Dans nos pays à ressources limitées, sous-médicalisés, l'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®) apparaît comme une option thérapeutique intéressante pour traiter les vaginites d'origine mycosique, parasitaire, bactériologique et mixte. Cette étude a montré que l'association ternidazole, néomycine sulfate, nystatine, prednisolone (Tergynan®) pouvait être administrée, en initiation de traitement des vaginites dès leur apparition sans besoin de procéder à des prélèvements préalables des sécrétions vaginales


Subject(s)
Africa South of the Sahara , Clinical Decision-Making , Neomycin , Nystatin , Pelvic Infection , Prednisolone
10.
Phytopathology ; 107(10): 1229-1242, 2017 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28714353

ABSTRACT

To improve understanding of the dynamics of the cassava mosaic disease (CMD) pandemic front, geospatial approaches were applied to the analysis of 3 years' data obtained from a 2-by-2° (approximately 222-by-222 km) area of northwestern Tanzania. In total, 80 farmers' fields were assessed in each of 2009, 2010, and 2011, with 20 evenly distributed fields per 1-by-1° quadrant. CMD-associated variables (CMD incidence, CMD severity, vector-borne CMD infection, and vector abundance) increased in magnitude from 2009 to 2010 but showed little change from 2010 to 2011. Increases occurred primarily in the two westernmost quadrants of the study area. A pandemic "front" was defined by determining the values of CMD incidence and whitefly abundance where predicted disease gradients were greatest. The pandemic-associated virus (East African cassava mosaic virus-Uganda) and vector genotype (Bemisia tabaci sub-Saharan Africa 1-subgroup 1) were both present within the area bounded by the CMD incidence front but both also occurred ahead of the front. The average speed and direction of movement of the CMD incidence front (22.9 km/year; southeast) and whitefly abundance front (46.6 km/year; southeast) were calculated, and production losses due to CMD were estimated to range from US$4.3 million to 12.2 million.


Subject(s)
Begomovirus/isolation & purification , Hemiptera/virology , Insect Vectors/virology , Manihot/virology , Pandemics , Plant Diseases/statistics & numerical data , Animals , Begomovirus/genetics , Geography , Plant Diseases/virology , Spatial Analysis , Tanzania
11.
J Mycol Med ; 27(2): 285-289, 2017 Jun.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28336168

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The invasive fungal infection of the maxillary sinus is a rare and serious disease generally favored by immunosuppression. We report an exceptional case of pseudotumoral invasive fungal infection of the maxillary sinus in an immunocompetent patient. OBSERVATION: A 32-year-old patient consulted for labial and left temporal swelling associated with proptosis and chemosis that has been developing for 18 months. The scanner objectified a filling of the left maxillary sinus, and the ipsilateral orbital cavity, and the surrounding muscles. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed invasive fungal infection of the left maxillary sinus. The relevant antifungal therapy, namely voriconazole, could not be administered due to the unavailability of the medicine. However, the patient has received 200mg of itraconazole every 12hours for three weeks. The change proved disappointing with recurrence and significant sequelae, sort of sagging of the right hemifacial, severe limitation of mouth opening and functional loss of the right eye. CONCLUSION: The invasive fungus infections of the maxillary sinus and the orbit are exceptional in immunocompetent patient. Healing is based on early diagnosis and administration of the reference antifungal to face the risk of recurrence.


Subject(s)
Aspergillosis/pathology , Maxillary Sinusitis/microbiology , Orbital Pseudotumor/microbiology , Adult , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Aspergillosis/drug therapy , Cote d'Ivoire , Exophthalmos/drug therapy , Exophthalmos/microbiology , Exophthalmos/pathology , Humans , Invasive Fungal Infections/drug therapy , Invasive Fungal Infections/microbiology , Invasive Fungal Infections/pathology , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Male , Maxillary Sinus/microbiology , Maxillary Sinus/pathology , Maxillary Sinusitis/drug therapy , Maxillary Sinusitis/pathology , Orbital Pseudotumor/drug therapy , Orbital Pseudotumor/pathology
13.
Med. Afr. noire (En ligne) ; 63(9): 429-435, 2016. tab
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1266205

ABSTRACT

Introduction : La pré-éclampsie et ses complications représentent la deuxième cause de mortalité maternelle dans notre pays. L'administration de magnésium sulfate en IV est la référence du traitement médical, mais le pidolate de magnésium par voie IM peut être une alternative. Méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude prospective, comparative, randomisée en double aveugle, menée de janvier 2015 à décembre 2015 à la maternité du centre hospitalo-universitaire (CHU) de Cocody-Abidjan. Tous les cas de pré-éclampsie modérée, soit une pression artérielle systolique ≥ 140 mmHg et une pression artérielle diastolique ≥ 90 mmHg, associée à une protéinurie à 300 mg chez des gestantes porteuses d'une grossesse à 37 semaines d'aménorrhée (SA), ont été retenus (n = 136). Ces gestantes ont été réparties en deux groupes de 68 cas et ont été suivies régulièrement dans l'attente de la décision d'accouchement. Cette surveillance hospitalière comportait, outre un examen obstétrical et général complet, un contrôle horaire systématique de la pression artérielle (PA) et la recherche de la protéinurie aux bandelettes réactives jusqu'à l'accouchement. Le premier groupe de gestantes représentait les cas et a reçu un traitement au pidolate de magnésium injectable (Mag injectable 0,8%®) à raison de 244,2mg de magnésium par jour, réparti en 3 injections intramusculaires (IM) d'une ampoule de 10ml contenant 81,4mg de magnésium, chaque 8 heures. Aux gestantes du 2e groupe, qui représentaient le groupe témoin, il a été prescrit un traitement par le sulfate de magnésium injectable, selon le protocole de l'OMS, soit en traitement d'attaque : 14g en dose de charge répartie de la manière suivante : 10g en IM dont 5g dans chaque fesse et 4g en IV, puis en traitement d'entretien : 1g en IV après chaque 4h jusqu'à l'accouchement. Lorsque persistaient les signes de gravité, la césarienne ou le déclenchement artificiel du travail étaient immédiatement décidés. Ces gestantes ont, parallèlement, reçues un traitement antihypertenseur. L'analyse statistique a consisté en une comparaison de l'issue de la grossesse et la survenue de complications aiguës materno-fœtales de la pré-éclampsie. Le test du khi deux au seuil de signification fixé à 5% (p<0,05) et le t-Student ont été utilisés pour la comparaison des effectifs.Résultats : Nous n'avons pas observé de différence significative concernant l'apparition de complications maternelles (éclampsie, hématome rétro placentaire et HELLP syndrome), ou de complications fœtales (petit poids de naissance, mort fœtale in utero et mauvais score d'Apgar), entre les 2 groupes. Conclusion : Le pidolate de magnésium par voie IM est aussi efficace dans la prévention de la crise d'éclampsie que le magnésium sulfate. Il présente, en outre, l'avantage de sa meilleure disponibilité, d'une facilité d'emploi et d'un coût faible


Subject(s)
Cote d'Ivoire , Developing Countries , Disease Management , Magnesium , Magnesium Sulfate , Pre-Eclampsia , Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid
14.
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol ; 42(3): 378-80, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26152016

ABSTRACT

The authors report a case of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) found in a pregnant woman. On discovery, the condition had spread throughout her body as is characteristic in some cases of individuals with HIV-positive serology. She was unaware of her HIV positive status. Her HIV infection had been diagnosed at the same time as KS at her last prenatal consultation. The newborn was delivered by an uncomplicated cesarean section. Appropriate treatment and multidisciplinary management after childbirth resulted in complete remission.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/diagnosis , Sarcoma, Kaposi/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Delayed Diagnosis , Female , HIV Infections/complications , Humans , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/etiology , Pregnancy , Sarcoma, Kaposi/etiology , Skin Neoplasms/etiology
15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25350522

ABSTRACT

A multi-mycotoxin method based on liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for a mycotoxin survey in 627 samples of processed cassava collected from different districts across Tanzania and Rwanda after the method performance for this matrix had been determined. Matrix effects as well as extraction efficiencies were found to be similar to most other previously investigated matrices with the exception of distinct matrix effects in the negative ionisation mode for early eluting compounds. Limits of detection were far below the regulatory limits set in the European Union for other types of commodities. Relative standard deviations were generally lower than 10% as determined by replicates spiked on two concentration levels. The sample-to-sample variation of the apparent recoveries was determined for 15 individually spiked samples during three different analytical sequences. The related standard deviation was found to be lower than 15% for most of the investigated compounds, thus confirming the applicability of the method for quantitative analysis. The occurrence of regulated mycotoxins was lower than 10% (with the exception of zearalenone) and the related limits were exceeded only in few samples, which suggests that cassava is a comparatively safe commodity as regards mycotoxins. The most prevalent fungal metabolites were emodin, kojic acid, beauvericin, tryptophol, 3-nitropropionic acid, equisetin, alternariol methylether, monocerin, brevianamide F, tenuazonic acid, zearalenone, chrysophanol, monilifomin, enniatins, apicidin and macrosporin. The related concentrations exceeded 1 mg kg(-1) only in few cases. However, extremely high levels of cyanogenic plant toxins, which had been previously added to the method, were observed in few samples, pointing out the need for improved post-harvest management to decrease the levels of these compounds.


Subject(s)
Food Contamination/analysis , Glucosides/analysis , Manihot/microbiology , Mycotoxins/analysis , Nitriles/analysis , Chromatography, Liquid , Food Microbiology , Reproducibility of Results , Rwanda , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Tanzania , Toxins, Biological/analysis , Zearalenone/analysis
16.
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol ; 41(4): 486-8, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25134308

ABSTRACT

Umbilical endometriosis is a very uncommon condition which presents as a pigmented umbilical nodule, papular or cystic, with symptoms punctuated rhythmed by menses. The authors report the case of a 32-year-old with spontaneous umbilical endometriosis. Surgical resection was performed with a good cosmetic result and no recurrence at six months. A review of the literature allowed the authors to discuss the diagnosis difficulties and treatment in a underdeveloped country.


Subject(s)
Endometriosis/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Umbilicus , Adult , Endometriosis/pathology , Endometriosis/surgery , Female , Humans , Skin Diseases/pathology , Skin Diseases/surgery , Umbilicus/pathology
17.
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol ; 41(2): 226-32, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24779260

ABSTRACT

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a fetal congenital malformation, affecting mainly the limbs, but also the craniofacial area and internal organs. Two mains pathogenic mechanisms are proposed in its genesis. Firstly the early amnion rupture (exogenous theory) leading to fibrous bands, which wrap up the fetal body; secondly, the endogenous theory privileges vascular origin, mesoblastic strings not being a causal agent. The authors believe that the second theory explain the occurrence of ABS. The outcome of the disease during pregnancy depends on the gravity of the malformations. Interruption of the pregnancy is usually proposed when diagnosis of severe craniofacial and visceral abnormalities is confirmed. Whereas minor limb defects can be repaired with postnatal surgery. In case of an isolated amniotic band with a constricted limb, in utero lysis of the band can be considered to avoid a natural amputation. In an African country, such treatment is not possible as far as the antenatal diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Amniotic Band Syndrome/diagnosis , Developing Countries , Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal/therapeutic use , Abortion, Induced , Adult , Africa , Delivery, Obstetric , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital/etiology , Misoprostol/therapeutic use , Pregnancy , Ultrasonography, Prenatal
18.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 37(5): 388-92, 2014 May.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24703192

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cataract induced by corticosteroids is an entity, which has been well described for a relatively long time, but this eventuality caused by the cutaneous application of corticosteroids remains inadequately reported. The purpose of this study was to describe cataract as one of the complications of the misuse of cutaneous application of corticosteroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In eight patients seen for visual loss, bilateral cataract was discovered. The only probable etiology in these cases appeared to be the cutaneous application of corticosteroids. Indeed, the work-up and careful history performed did not uncover any other etiology. RESULTS: Eight patients, six women and two men, exhibited cataracts related to the application of topical corticosteroids. The age of the patients ranged between 39 and 45 years. The cataracts were bilateral and posterior subcapsular alone or combined. The period of use of corticosteroids ranged from 5 to 10 years. The products used consisted of a variety of chemicals including corticosteroids mainly in the form of traditionally manufactured soap, but also as ointment or other types of mixtures. CONCLUSION: Topical corticosteroids induce posterior subcapsular cataract. The mechanism of action is direct access to the eye without any hepatic-first pass effect on the corticosteroid in question. The increasingly frequent use of corticosteroids in African blacks for skin lightening raises concern regarding the risk of epidemic cataracts in young women attempting to lighten their skin to be beautiful. Increased public awareness should be undertaken to prevent this growing and harmful phenomenon.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Cataract/chemically induced , Administration, Topical , Adult , Cote d'Ivoire , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Skin Lightening Preparations/adverse effects , Time Factors
19.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1269118

ABSTRACT

Objectifs. Evaluer l'etendue des connaissances; les attitudes et la pratique de la contraception d'urgence chez les jeunes filles eleves en Cote d'Ivoire; ainsi que les facteurs influencant sa connaissance et sa perception. Methode. Il s'agissait d'une etude transversale descriptive realisee au Lycee Classique d'Abidjan; un etablissement d'enseignement general. Seules les filles de terminale ont ete selectionnees car; a la fois les plus exposees aux grossesses precoces et ayant une activite sexuelle averee. La collecte des donnees s'est deroulee sur un mois; en mars 2010. Resultats. Cinquatre-quatre pour cent (54%) ignoraient l'existence de la contraception d'urgence. Parmi celles qui en avaient entendu parler; 41;7% ne possedaient guere de connaissances precises sur la methode de contraception d'urgence. Les sources d'informations formelles etaient associees a une bonne connaissance de cette methode. Globalement; 78;1% avaient une attitude favorable. Cependant il existait une crainte chez certaines participantes de voir cette methode se substituer au preservatif. Son usage etait faible pour 5;5% des enquetes. Le premier obstaclea son utilisation semble etre du au manque d'information du public. Conclusion. Il existe un besoin urgent de sensibilisation des jeunes ivoiriennes a la contraception d'urgence; et surtout aux methodes disponibles; ainsi qu'au delai correct d'emploi. Ainsi; elles pourront y avoir recours beaucoup plus facilement


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Contraception , Contraception, Postcoital , Knowledge
20.
Rev. int. sci. méd. (Abidj.) ; 16(4): 274-278, 2014.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1269159

ABSTRACT

"Contexte. La mortalite maternelle etant le point negatif ultime; de nombreux auteurs considerent qu'il serait plus judicieux; pour ameliorer la qualite des soins obstetricaux; d'effectuer les enquetes sur des femmes qui; a la suite d'une morbidite obstetricale grave; sont des "" echappees-belles "" de la mort ou "" Near-miss "". Patients et methode. Il s'agit d'une etude transversale a visee descriptive qui s'est deroulee dans le service de Gynecologie et Obstetrique du CHU de Cocody du 01 Avril 2001 au 31 Mars 2002. Resultats et discussion. Les Near-miss ont represente 11;1% des admissions. L'audit de leur dossier medical revele que 87;4% des cas etaient deja en etat de Near-miss a l'admission. Leur prise en charge a ete contrariee par les conditions financieres (32;5%); l'indisponibilite du materiel (21;9%); la patiente elle-meme et sa famille (14;2%) et le personnel (7;7%). Lorsqu'elle a ete sollicitee; l'administration a fourni le kit operatoire dans un delai moyen de 57minutes. Conclusion. La reduction du nombre de Near-miss et par consequent le nombre de deces maternels passe par l'amelioration des differents facteurs de contrariete identifies. "


Subject(s)
Academic Medical Centers , Clinical Audit , Maternal Mortality , Morbidity
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