[Surveillance of nosocomial infections in a cardiac surgery unit in Palermo (Italy)]. / Sorveglianza delle infezioni nosocomiali in una unità di cardiochirurgia di Palermo.

A study was performed to assess the incidence of hospital acquired infections at the Cardiac Surgey/Intensive Care Unit of the university teaching hospital "Paolo Gaccione" in Palermo (Italy), their associated risk factors and mortality. The unit consists of 31 beds, including 7 intensive care beds. One hundred patients admitted to the unit between 1 March 2008 and 30 June 2008 and hospitalised for > 48 hours were enrolled in the study. Active surveillance of hospital acquired infections was performed for these patients and overall, 18 cases of infection were diagnosed (9.3 infections per 1.000 day-patient). Infections acquired in hospital were found to be associated with several risk factors (duration of stay, duration of the surgical procedure and number of persons in the operating theatre during the procedure) and with a higher mortality rate (OR=5.9). Knowledge of the factors associated with hospital infections is essential to reducing human and social costs related to such infections while simultaneously improving the quality of health care.

Hygienic-sanitary quality of ready-to-eat salad vegetables on sale in the city of Palermo (Sicily).

In recent years there has been an increase in the consumption of bagged prepared salad vegetables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of such vegetables in the city of Palermo (Italy). Forty samples of different salad vegetables were examined for the presence of mesophilic germs, E. coli, Salmonella, Listeria, E. coli O157, S. aureus, Giardia, Cryptosporidium. Variables considered included the presence of carrots, the atmospheric temperature of the day of purchase and of the two previous days, the expiry date, and the production site. The presence of carrots and of an atmospheric temperature above 20 degrees C (average of the three days considered) were found to be significantly associated with a high mesophilic germ count. This study highlights the need to implement good hygiene practices in order to prevent contamination and/or bacterial growth in ready-to-eat salad vegetables. Maintaining the cold chain and using vegetables of good microbiological quality were found to be especially relevant.