[Fiber emissions from weathered asbestos cement products. 2. Physical-chemical properties of liberated asbestos fibers]. / Zu faserigen Emissionen aus abgewitterten Asbestzement-Produkten. 2. Physikalisch-chemische Eigenschaften der freigesetzten Asbestfasern.

It could be already shown that fibrous particulates can be emitted from weathered and corroded surfaces of asbestos-cement-(AC)-products and that these fibers increase the total ambient air concentration after having been dispersed in the atmosphere. In this investigation we studied the influence of the polluted atmosphere on physical and chemical properties of asbestos fibers in the corroded surface layer. It was found, that in a part of these asbestos fibers the magnesium was partly leached and that the fibers were strongly contaminated by deposited air pollutants.

[Fiber emissions from weathered asbestos cement products. 1. Fiber release in ambient air]. / Zu faserigen Emissionen aus abgewitterten Asbestzement-Produkten. 1. Faserfreisetzung in die Aussenluft.

Emissions of fibrous aerosols were measured on buildings with weathered and corroded asbestos-cement-plates (roofing and facade shingles) by means of an already published equipment and procedure. The measured emission factors for asbestos fibers longer than 5 microns were in the range of 10(6) to 10(8) fibers/m2.h. They depended on the type of the AC-plates as well as on their age and corrosion intensity.

[Measurement of the fibrous dusts in West Germany. Fiber concentration in the vicinity of objects and buildings with asbestos-containing building materials]. / Immissionsmessungen von faserigen Stäuben in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Faserige Immissionen in der Umgebung von Objekten und Gebäuden mit asbesthaltigem Baumaterial.

Ambient air concentrations of fibrous dusts were measured in the vicinity of buildings with weathered and corroded asbestos-cement (AC)-products during 1983-1985. The concentrations of the total dust (TSP) were higher (mean value of 150 micrograms/m3) than the background concentrations. The mean value of ambient air asbestos concentrations lay at 750 fibers/3 for long asbestos fibers (longer than 5 microns). The maximum values were in the range of 10(3) fibers/m3. About 37% of the measured asbestos fiber concentrations (long fibers) were in the range above 500 fibers/m3; 12% of all long asbestos fiber concentrations were higher than 1000 fibers/m3. In the case of a proposed preventive concentration limit of 400 long asbestos fibers/m3, the asbestos fibers released from the corroded surfaces of AC-products on buildings, mean additional health risk not only for the house residents but in some cases also for the general population.

[Homicides in the federal city of Ulm in the first 5 decades following the 30 years' war]. / Tötungsdelikte in der Reichsstadt Ulm in den ersten fünf Jahrzehnten nach dem 30jährigen Krieg.

Reports about homicidal crimes after the end of the Thirty Years War from 1648 to 1699 were investigated with respect to the way and frequency of homicide, the social milieu and the consequences of the crime. Original sources from the municipal archives of Ulm were evaluated. Thirty six crimes of manslaughter were officially documented, out of these 30 crimes could be investigated. Most frequent was murder by puncture (11 cases) followed by striking dead (7 cases). Sixteen delinquents were arrested, 8 were executed and 3 absolved. In 9 cases the statements of a doctor or a barber were taken into account for judgement. Only in two cases of infanticide comments about the social background could be found. Delinquents as well as victims of the crimes belonged to various social classes. In the present view the years after several decades of war do not appear as a time of increased violence or legal insecurity.

[A vibrating bed aerosol generator for fibrous and powder dust particles (author's transl)]. / Ein Schwingbett-Aerosolgenerator für faserige und pulverförmige Stäube

A fluidized bed with defined mechanical vibrations has been used for the pulverization of powders of fibrous and spherical particles. By means of this process, it was possible to prepare for practical purposes useful aerosols with constant concentrations. In certain size ranges the concentrations as well as the fiber and particle size distribution were adjustable and could be varied as a function of physical properties of the vibrating fluidized bed.