ABSTRACT
Insufficient platelet function suppression by aspirin is a predictor of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The authors assessed the impact of obesity on platelet responsiveness before and after 2 weeks of aspirin 81 mg/d in 2014 people. Obese individuals had greater baseline platelet reactivity. Comparing obese and nonobese individuals after aspirin therapy, results for aggregometry to collagen were 6.7 vs 6.1 ohms, P=.008; aggregometry to adenosine diphosphate were 13.1 vs 11.8 ohms,P<.0001; aggregometry to arachidonic acid (AA) were 4.9% vs 8.3% nonzero aggregation, P=.002; urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (Tx-M) were 4.9% vs 8.3% nonzero aggregation, P=.002; and aspirin resistance were 26.% vs 20.5%, P=.002; respectively. These remained significantly different for AA aggregation and Tx-M excretion after adjustment for covariates. Obese individuals have greater native platelet reactivity and retain greater reactivity after suppression by aspirin.
Subject(s)
Aspirin/pharmacology , Blood Platelets/drug effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Obesity/blood , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation/drug effects , Adult , Arachidonic Acid , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Case-Control Studies , Collagen , Drug Resistance , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Obesity/complications , Phenotype , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Platelet Function Tests , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an increasingly used approach for conducting research to improve community health. Using Rogers' diffusion of innovations theory as a framework, it follows that future adoption of CBPR will occur if academic and community partners perceive CBPR to have greater relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, and observability, and less complexity than other research approaches. We propose that articles published in our new peer-reviewed journal--Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action (PCHP)--can influence academic and community partners' perceptions of CBPR that promote its adoption. Eight areas of scholarly activity are described that can promote health partnership research, education, and action: (1) original research, (2) work-in-progress and lessons learned, (3) policy and practice, (4) theory and methods, (5) education and training, (6) practical tools, (7) systematic reviews, and (8) community perspectives. These eight areas correspond with the eight main sections of PCHP. A brief description of each area's importance in promoting CBPR is provided along with examples of completed and ongoing work. Specific recommendations are made regarding issues, problems, and topics within each area on which CBPR work should focus. These recommendations, which present a vision for progress in community health partnerships, are based on idea generation and prioritization by a group of CBPR experts--PCHP's editors and editorial board.
Subject(s)
Community Health Services/trends , Community-Based Participatory Research/trends , Community-Institutional Relations , Diffusion of Innovation , Community Networks , Delphi Technique , Forecasting , HumansABSTRACT
Despite the importance of disseminating the results of community-based participatory research (CBPR), community health partnerships face many challenges in getting their work published. The purpose of this article is to present practical guides for writing about CBPR for those who have little experience in writing for publication or those who want to help their partners write strong manuscripts for peer-reviewed journals. The article includes tips on how to organize each part of a manuscript, suggestions on how partners can collaborate on preparing manuscripts, recommendations on how to convey unique aspects of a partnership's work throughout a manuscript, and an annotated bibliography of well-written CBPR articles. By understanding how to prepare a manuscript about CBPR for a peer-reviewed journal, authors should be more effective in disseminating information that will help other communities to benefit from their partnership's work.
Subject(s)
Community-Based Participatory Research , Peer Review, Research/standards , Periodicals as Topic/standards , Publishing/standards , HumansABSTRACT
Obesity is associated with higher rates of death due to cancer. Possible explanations for this association include physiological factors associated with obesity, lower cancer screening rates in obese people, and technical difficulties in treating obese patients. These problems represent opportunities to improve the care of obese patients.
