Preditores da felicidade no trabalho e interação familiar em enfermeiros / Predictores de la felicidad en el trabajo y la interacción familiar en enfermeros / Predictors of happiness at work and family interaction in nurses

Objetivo:identificar os fatores preditores da Felicidade no trabalho e Interação familiar em Enfermeiros de um contexto hospitalar. Método:estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, correlacional. Aplicado questionário para caraterização sociodemográfica/profissional, a Shorted Happiness at Work Scale e oSurvey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen, a uma amostra de conveniência de 363 Enfermeiros. Resultados:idade, local de trabalho, categoria profissional e, percepção de trabalho estressante foram preditores da Felicidade no trabalho. A prática de atividades de lazer e a percepção de trabalho estressante foram preditores da Interação trabalho-família positiva e negativa e, o sexo feminino foi preditor da Interação família-trabalho positiva. Conclusões:a prevalência de Felicidade no trabalho, os valores moderados de Interação trabalho-família negativa identificados, bem como os fatores que a predizem, devem ser alvo de atenção por parte dos Enfermeiros e organizações, tendo esta última um papel preponderante na promoção de ambientes de trabalho saudáveis e da saúde no local de trabalho.

Objective:to identify the predictors of Happiness at work and Family Interaction among nurses in a hospital setting. Method:this is a quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study. A sociodemographic/professional questionnaire was applied, including the Shorted Happiness at Work Scale and the Survey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen, to a convenience sample of 363 nurses. Results:age, workplace location, professional category, and perception of stressful work were predictors of Happiness at Work. Engaging in leisure activities and perceiving work as stressful were predictors of positive and negative Work-Family Interaction, and being female was a predictor of positive Family-Work Interaction. Conclusions:the prevalence of Happiness at Work, the moderate levels of negative Work-Family Interaction identified, and the factors that predict them, should be given attention by nurses and organizations, with the latter playing a crucial role in promoting healthy work environments and workplace health.

Objetivo:identificar factores predictores de Felicidad en el trabajo y Interacción familiar en Enfermeros en hospital. Método:estudio transversal y correlacional en que se aplicó cuestionario sociodemográfico/profesional, Shorted Happiness at Work Scaley SurveyWork-HomeInteraction-Nijmegena 363 Enfermeros. Resultados:la edad, el lugar de trabajo, la categoría profesional y la percepción de estrés laboral fueron predictoresde la Felicidad en el trabajo. La práctica de actividades de ocio y la percepción de estrés laboral fueron predictores de la Interacción trabajo-familia positiva y negativa, y el sexo femenino fue un predictor de la Interacción familia-trabajo positiva. Conclusiones:la prevalencia de Felicidad en el trabajo, los valores moderados de Interacción trabajo-familia negativa identificados, así como los factores que la predicen, deben ser objeto de atención por Enfermeros y organizaciones, cumpliendo esta últimaun papel preponderante en la promoción de ambientes de trabajo saludables y la salud en el lugar de trabajo.

Felicidade no trabalho e interação familiar em enfermeiros: estudo transversal* / Felicidad en el trabajo e interacción familiar en enfermeros: estudio transversal / Happiness at work and family interaction in nurses: cross-sectional study

Objetivo: analisar a associação entre felicidade no trabalho, interação familiar e variáveis sociodemográficas/profissionais em enfermeiros do contexto hospitalar. Métodos: estudo transversal com amostra de conveniência de 363 enfermeiros. Foram aplicados questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica/profissional, Shorted Happiness at Work Scale e Survey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen. Na análise e tratamento de dados, recorreu-se à estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: observaram-se níveis moderados de felicidade no trabalho (4,44±1,15) e níveis moderados a baixos de interação familiar (1,02±0,31). Estado civil, atividades de lazer, local de trabalho, tempo de experiência profissional, categoria profissional, horário de trabalho e percepção de trabalho estressante associaram-se à felicidade no trabalho. Idade, sexo, filhos, dependentes, atividades de lazer, tempo de experiência profissional, horário de trabalho e percepção de trabalho estressante associaram-se à interação familiar. Conclusão: os enfermeiros apresentaram níveis moderados de felicidade no trabalho e moderados a baixos de interação familiar, associados a variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais específicas.

Objective: to analyze the association among happiness at work, family interaction and sociodemographic/professional variables in nurses in the hospital context. Methods: cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 363 nurses. Questionnaires for sociodemographic/professional characterization, Shorted Happiness at Work Scale and Survey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen were applied. In data analysis and processing, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: moderate levels of happiness at work (4.44±1.15) and moderate to low levels of family interaction (1.02±0.31) were observed. Marital status, leisure activities, place of work, length of professional experience, professional category, working hours and perception of stressful work were associated with happiness at work. Age, gender, children, dependents, leisure activities, length of professional experience, working hours and perception of stressful work were associated with family interaction. Conclusion: nurses showed moderate levels of happiness at work and moderate to low levels of family interaction, associated with specific sociodemographic and professional variables.

Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre felicidad en el trabajo, interacción familiar y variables sociodemográficas/profesionales en enfermeros en el contexto hospitalario. Métodos: estudio transversal con muestra por conveniencia de 363 enfermeros. Se aplicaron un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica/profesional, el Shorted Happiness at Work Scale y el Survey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen. En el análisis y procesamiento de los datos, se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: se observaron niveles moderados de felicidad en el trabajo (4,44±1,15) y niveles moderados a bajos de interacción familiar (1,02±0,31). El estado civil, las actividades de ocio, el lugar de trabajo, la duración de la experiencia profesional, la categoría profesional, la jornada laboral y la percepción de trabajo estresante se asociaron con la felicidad en el trabajo. La edad, el sexo, los hijos, las personas dependientes, las actividades de ocio, la duración de la experiencia profesional, la jornada laboral y la percepción del trabajo estresante se asociaron con la interacción familiar. Conclusión: los enfermeros mostraron niveles moderados de felicidad en el trabajo y niveles moderados a bajos de interacción familiar, asociados a variables sociodemográficas y profesionales específicas.

Trauma psicológico: Resultados preliminares de um estudo com enfermeiros / Psychological trauma: Preliminary results of a study with nurses / Trauma psicológico: resultados preliminares de un estudio con enfermeras

Resumo Contexto: Os enfermeiros possuem alta suscetibilidade de exposição a eventos potencialmente traumáticos (Wheeler & Phiplips, 2019). Após a ocorrência de uma situação traumática, poderão persistir sintomas relacionados com pensamentos intrusivos, evitamento e hiperativação, e, por sua vez, levar ao desenvolvimento de Perturbação de Stresse Pós-Traumático (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2014). Objetivos: Identificar o nível de trauma psicológico e a sua relação com variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais em enfermeiros de um hospital Açoriano. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, correlacional, transversal, numa amostra de 75 enfermeiros a trabalhar em contexto hospitalar numa ilha dos Açores, selecionados através de um método de amostragem por conveniência. Foi aplicado um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica e profissional e a Impact Event Scale Revised (IES-R) (Weiss & Marmar, 1997; Matos et al., 2011). Resultados: Salienta-se que todos os enfermeiros vivenciaram pelo menos um incidente crítico que marcou o seu percurso profissional, tendo este acontecido maioritariamente há mais de 12 meses, sendo a situação de morte a mais referida. A prevalência de trauma psicológico foi de 21,3%, com valores superiores na subescala de pensamentos intrusivos. Os enfermeiros com filhos apresentaram médias superiores na subescala pensamentos intrusivos; os enfermeiros com horário fixo e sem atividades de lazer possuíram médias superiores na IES-R total e todas as subescalas. E, os enfermeiros com vínculo definitivo posicionam-se num nível superior na IES-R total e nas subescalas pensamentos intrusivos e evitamento. Conclusões: Ainda que os níveis de trauma psicológico identificados, sejam baixos, torna-se imperativo informar e apoiar os enfermeiros relativamente a eventos adversos no local de trabalho. Há que consciencializar para o problema e tomar medidas que promovam ambientes de trabalho saudáveis, levando, consequentemente, a cuidados seguros e de qualidade.

Abstract Background: Nurses have a high susceptibility to experience potentially traumatic events (Wheeler & Phiplips, 2019). After the occurrence of a traumatic situation, symptoms related to intrusive thoughts, avoidance and hyperactivity may persist, and, in turn, lead to the development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2014). Aim: To identify the level of psychological trauma and its relationship with sociodemographic and professional variables in nurses in an Azorean hospital. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study in a sample of 75 nurses working in a hospital setting on an island in the Azores, selected through a convenience sampling method. A questionnaire was applied for sociodemographic and professional characterization and the Impact Event Scale Revised (IES-R) (Weiss & Marmar, 1997; Matos et al., 2011). Results: All nurses experienced at least one critical incident that marked their professional trajectory, having happened mostly for more than 12 months, with the death situation being the most mentioned. The prevalence of psychological trauma was 21,3%, with higher values in the subscale of intrusive thoughts. Nurses with children had higher mean scores in the subscale intrusive thoughts; nurses with fixed schedule and no leisure activities had higher mean scores in the total IES-R and all subscales. Nurses with definitive employment contract are positioned at a higher level in the total IES-R and in the subscales intrusive thoughts and avoidance. Conclusions: Even though the levels of psychological trauma identified are low, it is imperative to inform and support nurses regarding adverse events in the workplace. It is extremely important to raise awareness of the problem and to take measures to promote healthy work environments, consequently leading to safe and quality care.

Resumen Contexto: Las enfermeras tienen una alta susceptibilidad a la exposición a eventos potencialmente traumáticos (Wheeler & Phiplips, 2019). Después de vivir una situación traumática, los síntomas relacionados con pensamientos intrusivos, evitación e hiperactividad pueden persistir y, a su vez, conducir al desarrollo del Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2014). Objetivos: Identificar el nivel de trauma psicológico y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y profesionales en enfermeras de un hospital de las Azores. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional, transversal en una muestra de 75 enfermeros que trabajan en un contexto hospitalario en una isla de las Azores, seleccionados mediante un método de muestreo por conveniencia. Se aplicó un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfica y profesional y la Impact Event Scale Revised (IES-R) (Weiss & Marmar, 1997; Matos et al., 2011). Resultados: Cabe destacar que todos los enfermeros vivieron al menos un incidente crítico que marcó su trayectoria profesional, habiendo ocurrido en su mayoría hace más de 12 meses, siendo la situación de muerte la más mencionada. La prevalencia de trauma psicológico fue del 21,3%, con valores más altos en la subescala de pensamientos intrusivos. Las enfermeras con niños tenían promedios más altos en la subescala pensamientos intrusivos; los enfermeros con horario fijo y sin actividades de ocio tuvieron promedios más altos en el total de IES-R y todas las subescalas. Las enfermeras con contrato fijo se sitúan en un nivel superior en el total de IES-R y en las subescalas pensamientos intrusivos y evitación. Conclusiones: A pesar de que los niveles de trauma psicológico identificados son bajos, es importante informar y apoyar a las enfermeras sobre los eventos adversos en el lugar de trabajo. Es necesario concienciar sobre el problema y tomar medidas para promover entornos laborales saludables, conduciendo así a una atención segura y de calidad.

"The COVID 19 pandemic worsened my living and working conditions". A qualitative research study of female Brazilian immigrants in Oporto.

Immigrant women face a double vulnerability, being a woman and an immigrant, a situation that hinders their entry into the labor market and worsens their working conditions and occupational health with respect to the native population. The objective of these women is to seek employment or educational opportunities and improving their own lives and those of their families. All this is affected by the axes of gender, ethnicity, migration and socioeconomic level, as well as being confronted with the patriarchal structure of exercise of power and domination. These situations of inequality have aggravated due to the COVID-19 pandemic, worsening working conditions and their occupational health. This study aims to explore the working conditions of the female Brazilian immigrant population living in Porto (Portugal) and how these conditions may affect their health. Qualitative research through semi-structured interviews conducted during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was used. The results show of them had work overload, manifesting anxiety and stress. Physical affectations related to poor work ergonomics and the lack of occupational health examinations in working immigrant women is highlighted. The importance of strengthening migration policies related to occupational health is highlighted. In pandemic situations, the vulnerability of these women increases, worsening their overall health.

Presenteeism in Non-Academic Staff in a Public University Context: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Reasons to Work While Sick during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Presenteeism negatively affects worker performance. We aimed to know the prevalence of presenteeism in non-academic university staff, identify health problems and associated factors, as well as explore the reasons that led to presenteeism during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 332 non-academic staff. The Portuguese version of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) was used, and socio-demographic and occupational data were collected. Participants were divided into groups according to the presenteeism cut-off score (no presenteeists, presenteeists with high job performance, presenteeists with low job performance). Multinomial regression was used to identify occupational and demographic characteristics associated with presenteeism. An open question replies analysis made it possible to explore the reasons for going to work while sick. Presenteeism was experienced by 30.1%. Presenteeism with high job performance was not associated with socio-demographic and work factors. Professionals who performed only physical work (OR = 9.4; 95% CI: 1.7; 51.0) and those who conducted hybrid work (OR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.8; 9.6) showed a higher risk of belonging to the presenteeist group with low job performance. Financial reasons led professionals to work while sick. This study raises the importance of evaluating presenteeism in non-academic staff to create conditions for them to maintain high performance despite presenteeism and to intervene when there is low performance due to presenteeism.

Violence against nursing workers: repercussions on patient access and safety.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the repercussions of violence against nursing professionals, in the access and safety of patients in Family Health Strategy. METHODS: a mixed study, with 169 nursing professionals. We used a socio-labor questionnaire, Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, a patient safety instrument and interviews. RESULTS: verbal aggression was related to support (p=0.048), respect (p=0.021), hours of care (p=0.047) and patient safety behaviors (p=0.033) among professionals. Suffering from bullying was related to fear of questioning when something is wrong (p=0.010) and lack of support from management (p=0.016). Victims of physical violence felt that their mistakes could be used against them. Mixed data converge and confirm that violence affects professional behavior and puts Primary Health Care attributes at risk. CONCLUSIONS: violence affects workers' behavior, interferes with the care provided, weakens the access and safety of patients.

The relationship between presenteeism, quality of life and social support in higher education professionals: A cross-sectional path analysis.

Presenteeism is the practice of being present at workplace, but not being able to carry out all the tasks due to health problems. Social support globally associated with health and wellbeing might positively influence presenteeism and consequently, the quality of life of these professionals. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between presenteeism, quality of life and social support in the work of non-teaching and non-research professionals within the context of higher education. A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which sociodemographic data were collected and the Portuguese versions of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) (which includes the dimensions work-completed and distraction avoided) and Quality of Life Index (EUROSHIS-QOL-8) and the subscales of Supervisor's Social Support and Peers' Social Support of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) were used. The questionnaire was applied online, and 322 professionals from a public university higher education institution in Northern Portugal participated in the study. Presenteeism was reported by 97 (30.1%) professionals. The peers' social support was positively associated with quality of life. The supervisor's social support was positively associated with distraction avoided and work completed and positively indirectly associated with quality of life, and the association was mediated by distraction avoided. We conclude that implementing strategies that can promote social support in the work context, namely strengthening networks between colleagues and competent and well-trained supervisors may prevent or reduce presenteeism in higher education professionals, as well as, provide a better quality of life.

Workaholism and work-family interaction among emergency and critical care nurses.

OBJECTIVES: Investigating the prevalence of workaholism as well as the relationship between work-family interaction among emergency and critical care nurses. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY/DESIGN: A quantitative cross-sectional study. SETTING: A total of 219 nurses took part in the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS-10) and the Survey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen (SWING), which included socio-demographic and occupational question. Data was gathered in Spain between June and September 2019. RESULTS: Workaholism was found to be prevalent in 28.3% of the participants. In all four categories, workaholism was statistically connected to work-home interaction, with workaholics having higher means than non-workaholics. Perceived work stress was related to workaholism (p =.036). In the Work Excessively dimension, female nurses had significantly higher mean scores (M = 2.26) than their male counterparts (M = 1,88). In addition, in the Negative Work-Home Interaction (M = 2.04), the global mean scores were higher than in the Negative Home-Work Interaction (M = 1.34), indicating conflict and a negative impact of work on the family. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstratedthe necessity of taking into account demands and resources from both the work and home domains since it has been shown that both have an impact on one other. Furthermore, given the vital responsibilities that emergency and critical care nurses play in the health care system, our findings suggest that occupational health treatments should be used to identify those working profiles that are particularly at risk.

Relação entre satisfação por compaixão, burnout e estresse traumático com a segurança do paciente / Relación entre satisfacción por compasión, burnout y estrés traumático con la seguridad del paciente / Relationship among compassion satisfaction, burnout and traumatic stress with the patient safety

Objective: to analyze the relationship among compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress with the patient safety culture. Method: cross-sectional study with nurses (n = 201) from hospitals in Portugal. The Professional quality scale and the three sections of Hospital survey on patient safety culture were used to data collection. Correlation and regressions tests were implemented. Results: compassion satisfaction was positively related to four of the five patient safety culture dimensions and with the patient safety grade, while burnout had a negative relationship with all the dimensions and with the patient safety grade and secondary traumatic stress had a negative relationship with three patient safety culture dimensions. Conclusions: measures aimed at increasing compassion satisfaction and decreasing burnout and secondary traumatic stress should be implemented to improve the quality of professional life and patient safety.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre satisfacción por compasión, burnout y estrés traumático secundario con la cultura de seguridad del paciente. Método: estudio transversal con enfermeras (n = 201) de hospitales de Portugal. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizaron la Professional quality scale y tres secciones de la Hospital survey on patient safety culture. Se implementaron pruebas de correlación y regresión. Resultados: la satisfacción por compasión se relacionó positivamente con cuatro de las cinco dimensiones de cultura de seguridad del paciente y con el grado de seguridad, mientras que burnout tuvo una relación negativa con todas las dimensiones y con el grado de seguridad y estrés traumático secundario tuvo una relación negativa con tres dimensiones. Conclusiones: se deben implementar medidas destinadas a aumentar la satisfacción por compasión y disminuir el burnout y el estrés traumático secundario para mejorar la calidad de vida profesional y la seguridad del paciente.(AU)

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre satisfação por compaixão, burnout e estresse traumático secundário com a cultura de segurança do paciente. Método: estudo transversal com enfermeiros (n = 201) de hospitais de Portugal. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a Professional quality scale e três seções do Hospital survey on patient safety culture. Testes de correlação e de regressão foram implementados. Resultados: a satisfação por compaixão foi positivamente relacionada com quatro das cinco dimensões da cultura de segurança do paciente e com o grau de segurança do paciente, enquanto o burnout teve relação negativa com todas as dimensões e com o grau de segurança do paciente e o estresse traumático secundário teve relação negativa com três dimensões. Conclusões: medidas que visem aumentar a satisfação por compaixão e diminuir o burnout e o estresse traumático secundário devem ser implementadas visando melhorar a qualidade de vida profissional e a segurança do paciente.(AU)

Shorted Happiness at Work Scale: Psychometric Proprieties of the Portuguese Version in a Sample of Nurses.

In the last decades, happiness at work has been studied due to social changes; increased workload; stress; and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. Happiness at work is considered an umbrella concept as it covers individual and organizational aspects of working life. The aim of this study is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Shorted Happiness at Work Scale (SHAW) in a sample of Portuguese nurses. A cross-sectional study with 113 Portuguese nurses, from one of the islands of the Azores, was selected through a convenience sample. A sociodemographic/professional questionnaire and the SHAW scale were applied. Through the CFA, the SHAW trifactorial model was tested according to its theoretical reference, having obtained a general tolerable adjustment index. After respecification of the model through the correlation of the errors of two items, a better adjustment was obtained, but the RMSEA value remains problematic. Additionally, the values of the coefficient of internal consistency were indicative of good fidelity. The analysis of the psychometric characteristics of the SHAW scale, in the sample of Portuguese nurses, suggests a theoretical adaptation to the model of happiness at work.

Violence against nursing workers: repercussions on patient access and safety / Violencia contra trabajadores de enfermería: repercusiones en el acceso y seguridad de los pacientes / Violência contra o trabalhador de enfermagem: repercussões no acesso e segurança do paciente

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the repercussions of violence against nursing professionals, in the access and safety of patients in Family Health Strategy. Methods: a mixed study, with 169 nursing professionals. We used a socio-labor questionnaire, Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, a patient safety instrument and interviews. Results: verbal aggression was related to support (p=0.048), respect (p=0.021), hours of care (p=0.047) and patient safety behaviors (p=0.033) among professionals. Suffering from bullying was related to fear of questioning when something is wrong (p=0.010) and lack of support from management (p=0.016). Victims of physical violence felt that their mistakes could be used against them. Mixed data converge and confirm that violence affects professional behavior and puts Primary Health Care attributes at risk. Conclusions: violence affects workers' behavior, interferes with the care provided, weakens the access and safety of patients.

REUMEN Objetivos: analizar las repercusiones de la violencia contra el profesional de enfermería en el acceso y seguridad de los pacientes en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Métodos: estudio mixto, con 169 profesionales de enfermería. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociolaboral, Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, instrumento de seguridad del paciente y entrevistas. Resultados: la agresión verbal se relacionó con conductas de apoyo (p=0,048), respeto (p=0,021), horas de atención (p=0,047) y seguridad del paciente (p=0,033) entre los profesionales. Sufrir bullying se relacionó con el miedo a ser cuestionado cuando algo anda mal (p=0,010) y la falta de apoyo por parte de la dirección (p=0,016). Las víctimas de violencia física sintieron que sus errores podrían usarse en su contra. Datos mixtos convergen y confirman que la violencia afecta el comportamiento profesional y pone en riesgo atributos de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Conclusiones: la violencia afecta el comportamiento del trabajador, interfiere en la atención brindada, debilita el acceso y la seguridad de los pacientes.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as repercussões da violência contra o profissional de enfermagem no acesso e na segurança dos pacientes da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Métodos: estudo misto, com 169 profissionais de enfermagem. Utilizamos questionário sociolaboral, Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, instrumento de segurança do paciente e entrevistas. Resultados: agressão verbal teve relação entre apoio (p=0,048), respeito (p=0,021), horas de cuidado (p=0,047) e condutas de segurança do paciente (p=0,033) entre os profissionais. Sofrer assédio moral relacionou-se ao medo de questionar quando algo está incorreto (p=0,010) e à falta de apoio da gestão (p=0,016). Vítimas de violência física consideraram que seus erros podem ser usados contra elas. Os dados mistos convergem e confirmam que a violência repercute nas condutas profissionais e coloca em risco atributos da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Conclusões: a violência repercute no comportamento do trabalhador, interfere no cuidado realizado, fragiliza o acesso e a segurança dos pacientes.

Sleep assessment and associated factors in hospital nursing workers / Evaluación del sueño y factores asociados en trabajadores de enfermería hospitalaria / Avaliação do sono e fatores associados em trabalhadores de enfermagem hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objective: analyze the relationship between sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and health symptoms among the nursing team working in a hospital. Method: cross-sectional research, carried out with the nursing team of a public hospital in Brazil, between September 2017 and April 2018. A sociodemographic questionnaire, health symptoms, Sleepiness Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Data are presented as absolute and relative frequencies, means, standard deviations, bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression. Results: a total of 308 workers participated in the study, and poor sleep quality and absence of daytime sleepiness predominated among them. There was an association between sleepiness, children (p=0.006), and work accidents (p=0.044). Factors associated with poor sleep quality and drowsiness, appetite disorders, feeling of poor digestion, flatulence, weight gain, irritability, headache, feeling of low self-esteem, and mood lability. Conclusion: appetite disorder was the main factor for poor sleep quality for the nursing team working in a hospital in Brazil. This suggests that it is important to consider sleep quality when examining a worker´s health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la calidad del sueño, la somnolencia diurna excesiva y los síntomas de salud entre el personal de enfermería que trabajaba en un hospital. Método: investigación transversal, realizada con el equipo de enfermería de un hospital público en Brasil, entre septiembre de 2017 y abril de 2018. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, síntomas de salud, Escala de Somnolencia e Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI-BR). Los datos fueron presentados como frecuencias absolutas y relativas, medias, desviaciones estándar, análisis bivariado y regression logística binaria. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 308 trabajadores, con predominio de pobre calidad del sueño y ausencia de somnolencia diurna entre ellos. Hubo asociación entre somnolencia, hijos (p=0,006) y accidentes de trabajo (p=0,044). Los factores asociados con la mala calidad del sueño y la somnolencia fueron trastornos del apetito, sensación de mala digestión, flatulencia, aumento de peso, irritabilidad, dolor de cabeza, sensación de baja autoestima y labilidad del estado de ánimo. Conclusión: el trastorno del apetito fue el principal factor de mala calidad del sueño para el equipo de enfermería de un hospital en Brasil. Esto sugiere la importancia de tener en cuenta la calidad del sueño al examinar la salud del trabajador.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre qualidade do sono, sonolência diurna excessiva e sintomas de saúde entre a equipe de enfermagem que atuava em um hospital. Método: pesquisa transversal, realizada com a equipe de enfermagem de um hospital público do Brasil, entre setembro de 2017 e abril de 2018. Foram utilizados questionário sociodemográfico, sintomas de saúde, Escala de Sonolência e Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI-BR). Os dados são apresentados como frequências absolutas e relativas, médias, desvios padrão, análise bivariada e regressão logística binária. Resultados: participaram do estudo 308 trabalhadores, predominando entre eles a má qualidade do sono e a ausência de sonolência diurna. Houve associação entre sonolência, crianças (p=0,006) e acidentes de trabalho (p=0,044). Os fatores associados à má qualidade do sono e sonolência foram distúrbios do apetite, sensação de má digestão, flatulência, ganho de peso, irritabilidade, dor de cabeça, sensação de baixa autoestima e labilidade do humor. Conclusão: o transtorno do apetite foi o principal fator de má qualidade do sono para a equipe de enfermagem que atuava em um hospital no Brasil. Isso sugere que é importante considerar a qualidade do sono ao examinar a saúde do trabalhador.

Assédio moral entre trabalhadores brasileiros da atenção primária e hospitalar em saúde / Acoso moral entre trabajadores brasileños de la atención primaria y hospitalaria de salud / Moral harassment among Brazilian primary health care and hospital workers

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a ocorrência e os fatores relacionados ao assédio moral no local de trabalho entre trabalhadores de saúde brasileiros. Métodos Estudo transversal com 647 profissionais de saúde atuantes em serviços de Atenção Primária e Hospitalar da Região Sul do Brasil. Foram utilizados um questionário sociolaboral e o Questionário Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. O modelo de regressão de Poisson identificou os fatores relacionados ao fenômeno no local de trabalho. Resultados Dos profissionais, 22,41% relataram terem sido vítimas do incidente nos últimos 12 meses. Os fatores relacionados ao assédio moral foram: ser enfermeiro(a) (Razão de Prevalência (RP) = 2,77; IC95% 1,63 a 4,70) ou auxiliar de enfermagem (RP = 2,73; IC95% 1,61 a 4,61), possuir doença crônica (RP = 1,43; IC 95% 1,07 a 1,93), percepções negativas em relação ao reconhecimento no trabalho (RP = 1,52; IC 95% 1,07 a 2,17), relações interpessoais laborais avaliadas como indiferentes (RP = 2,16; IC 95% 1,55 a 3,01), horas de sono (RP = 0,89; IC95% 0,80 a 0,99) e demonstrar maior preocupação com a violência (RP = 1,76; IC95% 1,10 a 2,82). Conclusão O assédio moral no local de trabalho foi influenciado por fatores laborais, questões de saúde e percepções individuais sobre o trabalho e a violência.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la incidencia y los factores relacionados con el acoso moral en el trabajo entre trabajadores de la salud brasileños. Métodos Estudio transversal con 647 profesionales de la salud que trabajan en servicios de atención primaria y hospitalaria de la región sur de Brasil. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociolaboral y el cuestionario Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Mediante el modelo de regresión de Poisson, se identificaron factores relacionados con el fenómeno en el lugar de trabajo. Resultados De todos los profesionales, el 22,41 % relató haber sido víctima del incidente en los últimos 12 meses. Los factores relacionados con el acoso moral fueron: ser enfermero(a) (Razón de Prevalencia (RP) = 2,77; IC 95 % 1,63 a 4,70) o auxiliar de enfermería (RP = 2,73; IC 95 % 1,61 a 4,61), tener enfermedad crónica (RP = 1,43; IC 95 % 1,07 a 1,93), percepciones negativas con relación al reconocimiento en el trabajo (RP = 1,52; IC 95 % 1,07 a 2,17), relaciones interpersonales laborales evaluadas como indiferentes (RP = 2,16; IC 95 % 1,55 a 3,01), horas de sueño (RP = 0,89; IC 95 % 0,80 a 0,99) y demostrar mayor preocupación con la violencia (RP = 1,76; IC 95 % 1,10 a 2,82). Conclusión El acoso moral en el trabajo estuvo influenciado por factores laborales, cuestiones de salud y percepciones individuales sobre el trabajo y la violencia.

Abstract Objective To analyze the occurrence and factors related to workplace bullying among Brazilian health workers. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with 647 health professionals working in primary health care and hospital services in southern Brazil. A socio-occupational questionnaire and the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Questionnaire were used. The Poisson regression model identified factors related to the phenomenon in the workplace. Results Of the professionals, 22.41% reported having been incident victims in the last 12 months. Factors related to bullying were: being a nurse (Prevalence Ratio (PR)=2.77; 95%CI 1.63 to 4.70) or nursing assistant (PR=2.73; 95%CI 1.61 to 4.61); having a chronic disease (PR=1.43; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.93); negative perceptions regarding recognition at work (PR=1.52; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.17); interpersonal relationships at work assessed as indifferent (PR=2.16; 95% CI 1.55 to 3.01); sleeping hours (PR=0.89; 95%CI 0.80 to 0.99); and demonstrating greater concern with violence (PR=1.76; 95%CI 1.10 to 2.82). Conclusion Workplace moral harassment was influenced by work factors, health issues and individual perceptions about work and violence.

Felicidade no trabalho e trauma psicológico em enfermeiros / Happiness at work and psychological trauma in nurses

Objetivo: analisar a relação dos níveis de felicidade no tra-balho e trauma psicológico em enfermeiros e sua variação em função de variáveis sociodemográficas/profissionais. Métodos: estudo transversal, com uma amostra de 113 en-fermeiros. Aplicado questionário sociodemográfico/profis-sional, Shorted Happiness at Work Scale e Impact Event Scale Revised. Utilizada correlação de Pearson, teste t de Student e de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: observou-se pontuação média de 4,25 (±1,05) na Shorted Happiness at Work Scalee de 24,8 (±13,9) na Impact Event Scale Revised. As variá-veis sexo, pessoas dependentes a cargo e atividades lazer influenciaram a satisfação com o trabalho assim como ida-de, filhos, atividades lazer, experiência profissional e horário de trabalho influenciaram o trauma psicológico. Identi-ficada uma correlação negativa fraca entre satisfação com o trabalho e trauma psicológico (r=-0,270). Conclusão: os enfermeiros apresentaram níveis moderados de felicidade no trabalho e baixos de trauma psicológico, sugerindo que maiores níveis de felicidade possam protegê-los de trauma psicológico. (AU)

Workaholism and family interaction among nurses.

This study aims to identify the prevalence of workaholism and work-family interaction, their relationship and their variation according sociodemographic and occupational characteristics among nurses. A quantitative, descriptive, correlational and transversal study was conducted with a sample of 839 Portuguese nurses. Regarding workaholism, 27% of workaholic nurses were identified, scoring a higher mean value for excessive work. For work-family interaction, the dimensions showing the highest mean values were the negative work-family interaction and the positive family-work interaction. The variables identified as significant predictors of workaholism were the work-family interaction (39%), occupational variables (10.6%) and sociodemographic variables (1.2%). Among the occupational and professional variables, the women, age equal or less than 37 years and perception of stressful work, were highlighted. The confirmation of workaholism in nurses, as well as its predictive variables are significantly important for professionals and organizations to better understand the impact of this phenomenon, particularly in mental health and to encourage the development of programmes aiming to promote health at the workplace.

Workaholism and family interaction among nurses / Adição ao trabalho e interação familiar em enfermeiros

Abstract This study aims to identify the prevalence of workaholism and work-family interaction, their relationship and their variation according sociodemographic and occupational characteristics among nurses. A quantitative, descriptive, correlational and transversal study was conducted with a sample of 839 Portuguese nurses. Regarding workaholism, 27% of workaholic nurses were identified, scoring a higher mean value for excessive work. For work-family interaction, the dimensions showing the highest mean values were the negative work-family interaction and the positive family-work interaction. The variables identified as significant predictors of workaholism were the work-family interaction (39%), occupational variables (10.6%) and sociodemographic variables (1.2%). Among the occupational and professional variables, the women, age equal or less than 37 years and perception of stressful work, were highlighted. The confirmation of workaholism in nurses, as well as its predictive variables are significantly important for professionals and organizations to better understand the impact of this phenomenon, particularly in mental health and to encourage the development of programmes aiming to promote health at the workplace.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência da adição ao trabalho, os níveis de interação trabalho-família e a relação destes com características sociodemográficas e laborais em enfermeiros. Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, correcional e transversal numa amostra de 839 enfermeiros de Portugal continental. Relativamente à adição ao trabalho, identificaram-se 27,1% de enfermeiros adictos, com valor médio superior no trabalho excessivo. No que respeita à interação trabalho-família, as dimensões com médias superiores foram a interação negativa trabalho-família e a interação positiva família-trabalho. As variáveis identificadas como preditores significativos da adição ao trabalho foram a interação trabalho-família (39%), as variáveis laborais (10,6%) e as sociodemográficas (1,2%). Das variáveis laborais e profissionais salienta-se o sexo feminino, idade igual ou inferior a 37 anos e a perceção de trabalho stressante. A confirmação deste fenómeno em enfermeiros, assim como, das variáveis que o podem potenciar, possibilita ao profissional e às organizações, uma maior consciencialização dos seus impactos, nomeadamente na saúde mental incentivando o desenvolvimento de programas que visem a promoção de saúde no local de trabalho.

Burnout among nurses: a multicentric comparative study.

OBJETIVO: to identify and compare burnout levels between Portuguese, Spanish and Brazilian nurses. METHOD: quantitative, descriptive, correlational, comparative and cross-sectional study conducted using a sample of 1,052 nurses working in hospitals and primary care centers. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to nurses in Porto, Portugal (n=306), Oviedo, Spain (n=269) and S. Paulo, Brazil (n=477). Data analysis was performed using descriptive, inferential and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: approximately 42% of the nurses showed moderate/high levels of burnout, with no differences found between countries (Portugal and Brazil 42%, Spain 43%). Only depersonalization showed differences between countries, presenting Spain the highest level and Portugal the lowest one. Comparative analysis showed higher burnout levels in young nurses and those working by shifts. Considering job schedules, burnout was associated to shift work in Portugal, while in Spain and Brazil it was associated with fixed schedules. CONCLUSION: these results suggest that this syndrome among nurses is a global phenomenon. The daily stressors and higher demands of the nursing profession are crucial in the preparation of nurses to deal with complex situations, to avoid burnout, and to reduce the negative impact on nurses' health and on the quality of care they provide.

Psychometric properties of the Portuguese Dutch Work Addiction Scale.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the psychometric properties of the Dutch Work Addiction Scale in a sample of Portuguese nurses. METHOD: A methodological study was conducted with 1,030 Portuguese nurses. A sociodemographic/professional questionnaire and the Dutch Work Addiction Scale applied between October and December 2019. RESULTS: The Confirmatory Factorial Analyses confirmed the factorial structure of two dimensions, namely Working Excessively (α = .730) and Working Compulsively (α = .752), grounded on the theoretical model of workaholism; the reliability values were considered adequate. Nurses presented a moderate level of workaholism, with a higher mean value for Working Excessively. CONCLUSION: The results raised the issue of workaholism and highlighted the need for further study. The Portuguese version of the DUWAS presented good psychometric characteristics and can be considered a valid and useful instrument to identify this problem.

Workaholism, engagement and family interaction: Comparative study in portuguese and spanish nurses.

AIM: To identify and compare workaholism, engagement and family interaction levels among Portuguese and Spanish nurses. BACKGROUND: The contribution of nursing management and leadership to workers' health and well-being is cardinal to ensure a healthy work environment. However, factors such as workaholism, engagement and family interaction can strongly influence nurses' performance, well-being and safety. METHOD: A multicentre, comparative and cross-sectional study using 333 Portuguese (54.1%) and Spanish (45.9%) nurses working in hospitals. RESULTS: Portuguese nurses showed higher levels for workaholism, negative work-family interaction and negative family-work interaction, while Spanish nurses presented higher levels of engagement, positive work-family interaction and positive family-work interaction. Gender, age, job experience time, academic training, working schedule and type of employment contract influenced workaholism, engagement and work-family interaction among nurses from both countries. CONCLUSION: During their professional practice, nurses perceived their stress differently according to each country, with Portuguese nurses presenting worst psychological conditions than Spanish nurses, namely higher workaholism, negative work-family interactions and lower engagement. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Workaholism, engagement and work-family interaction are important areas in which nursing managers must invest to better respond to the new challenges of work contexts.