[Thyroid nodules]. / Nodules de la thyroïde.

Thyroid nodules are commonly encountered in clinical practice. They are present in 4 to 7% of the population by neck palpation and 30 to 50% by ultrasonography. Most are benign and could be neglected by the clinician and his patient. However, 5% of nodules are malignant, requiring surgical treatment; therefore, an exhaustive evaluation is needed. The diagnostic approach includes physical examination, laboratory analysis, ultrasonography, radioisotope imaging, and fine needle aspiration. This article, based on the literature and the authors'experience, provides recommandations for thyroid nodule management.

[Secondary forms of diabetes mellitus associated with endocrine diseases]. / Diabètes secondaires à une endocrinopathie.

Diabetes mellitus may occur in association with endocrine disorders and is termed "other causes of diabetes" by the American Diabetes Association. Hyperglycaemia results from sustained excessive hormonal secretion, which alters insulin secretion or action. It is characterized by the absence of ketosis because of the persistence of endogenous insulin secretion. Diabetes is usually reversible with successful treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder and the correction of hormonal overproduction. Most important endocrine diseases associated with diabetes mellitus are briefly described and the underlying mechanisms of glucose abnormalities are discussed.