ABSTRACT
Objectives: The primary aim was to compare the amount of bone height change that occurs around the tooth and the implant when having tooth-implant-supported prosthetic restorations versus bone height change that appears around implants in only implant-supported prosthetic restorations. The secondary aim was to examine the influence of various factors such as the number of teeth involved in the construction, their endodontic treatment, number of implants, the type of implantology construction, the jaw in which the construction is located, the condition of the opposite jaw, gender, age, and working time, as well as to examine whether the initial bone level influenced the amount of change in bone height itself. Materials and methods: With a total of 50 respondents, 25 X-ray panoramic images were representing tooth-implant-supported prosthetic restorations, while the other 25 were representing implant-supported prosthetic restorations. Bone measures were taken (from enamel-cement junction/implant neck to the most apical bone point) from 2 panoramic radiographs. The first one is immediately after the implant placement and the second and the last one again in half a year up to seven years after, depending on the time when the photo was taken for each patient. The obtained difference represented the bone resorption, the bone formation, or a state without change. Influence of different factors, such as sex, age of the patient, working time, the number of teeth involved in the construction, endodontic treatment, number of implants, the type of implant construction, the jaw where the construction is located, the condition of the opposite jaw, as well as the initial bone condition, was examined. During the statistical analysis, frequency tables, basic statistical parameters, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis Anova, Wilcoxon test, and regression analysis were used, and the results were presented in tabular form and the form of the Pareto diagram of t-values. Results: No statistically significant difference in bone change (whether we are talking about the place of the implant (-0.359±1.009 and median value 0.000), the place of a tooth (-0.428±0.746 and median value -0,150) in tooth-implant supported restorations, or the place of the implant in case of implant-supported structures (-0,059±0,200 and median value -0,120)) was proven. When talking about the influence of other factors, by regression analysis, the number of implants was shown to be the only factor with a statistically significant influence (ß=0.54; P=0.019) in a change of bone level, but only when talking about implant-supported restorations. Conclusion: No significant difference was proven between bone height change, neither around the tooth nor the implant in tooth-implant-supported prosthetic restorations compared to the bone height changes around the implant in only implant-supported prosthetic restorations. Among all the examined factors, the number of implants has shown to have statistically significant contribution to the amount of bone height change in implant-supported prosthetic restorations.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study is to see whether we follow global guidelines for operative procedures and diagnoses for impacted and retained teeth, and to compare these results with older results in Croatia. Operative protocols from Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb in the period from 1997 till 1999 were used in the present study. 4756 patients were operated (total of 4857 diagnosis were set). Of all diagnoses, 24.89% (N=1209) belongs to dens impactus, 5.13% (N=249) to dens semiimpactus, 6.05% (N=294) to dens retentus and 0.64% (N=31) to dentitio difficilis. These four diagnoses make 36.71% of all 4857 set diagnoses. Most commonly impacted teeth are: 8- (38.64%), -8 (35.88%), 8+ (10.9%) and +8 (9.29%). Most commonly retained teeth are: 3+ (19.1%) and +3 (18.8%), while in the remaining two diagnoses -8 and 8- are most commonly diagnosed and operated teeth. Impacted teeth are in 97.90% of the cases operated by alveolotomy procedure. With semiimpacted teeth alveolotomy was conducted in 94.12% cases, and 5.10% of such teeth were extracted. With retained teeth alveolotomy was conducted in 65.21%, corticotomy in 23.01% and extraction in 8.77% of the cases. With dentitio difficilis alveolotomy was applied in 46.88%, extraction in 37.50%, circumcision in 9.38% and corticotomy in 6.25% of the cases. Intra muscular corticosteroids (Dexamethason) were used in 2.80% of the cases, most commonly with dens impactus and dens retentus diagnosis. PHD was done in 4.21% cases. Although its use is on the increase, Dexamethason is still rarely used in everyday practice, despite global guidelines for the postoperative use of corticosteroids. PHD analysis is used most commonly with retained teeth since they usually come with follicular cysts. Anesthesia without epinephrine was used in only 1.80% of the operating procedures, because the epinephrine solution used at Oral Surgery Department is 1:160000.
