ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: In periodontally healthy individuals, mean crevicular depth ranges from 1 to 3 mm. This depth threshold has been used as an indicator to differentiate a physiological dentoalveolar sulcus from a periodontal pocket needing further treatment. Because many studies have shown the important contribution of oral hygiene status to periodontal health, the purpose of this study was to explore the clinical effect of reinforced oral hygiene on the periodontal status of periodontitis-free dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our longitudinal observational clinical study, we assessed the periodontal status of healthy individuals attending the dental school by measuring the periodontal pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and plaque index. The follow-up reassessment was carried out four years later at the end of the dental curriculum. RESULTS: The study showed that oral hygiene improvement led to a slight but significant reduction in the mean sulcus depth (-0.049 mm; p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Reinforcement of oral hygiene contributes to the reduction of probing depth even in periodontally healthy patients.
Subject(s)
Oral Hygiene , Students, Dental , Clinical Trials as Topic , Dental Plaque Index , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Periodontal Attachment Loss , Periodontal PocketABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There are different mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine in different concentrations, as well as various excipients. Chlorhexidine induce stains or discoloration in teeth and mucous membranes. The aim of this work was to design a model to reproduce in vitro staining associated with the use of different mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used as substrates of natural teeth and elephant ivory slices. Different incubation baths were conducted over 21 days in culture dishes at 37°C. At the beginning of experiment before incubation (D0) and after 21 days (D21) of incubation with different mouthwashes, pictures of substrates were taken in a standardized manner and an image analysis software was used to analyse and quantify the staining under the various conditions by using the 3 main colours (Red, Green, Blue, RGB). RESULTS: The results of this work demonstrate a very good reproducibility of the protocol, and secondly, a different expression statistically significant of the primary blue colour. We suggest that for a given concentration of chlorhexidine, the staining effects may vary depending on the excipients used. CONCLUSIONS: This replicable model, easy to implement over a relatively short duration, can be used for evaluation of existing mouthwashes, and to test the excipients anti discoloration proposed by manufacturers. Key words:In vitro, chlorhexidine, mouthwashes, dental stain, tooth discoloration.
Subject(s)
Decontamination/methods , Dental Implants/microbiology , Peri-Implantitis/therapy , Periodontal Debridement/methods , Air Abrasion, Dental , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Dental Scaling/instrumentation , Dental Scaling/methods , Humans , Lasers , Oral Hygiene , Peri-Implantitis/surgery , Periodontal Debridement/instrumentation , Photochemotherapy , UltrasonicsABSTRACT
Peri-implantitis is bacterial infections of peri-implant supporting tissues, involving the peri-implant bone. Several treatment protocols have been tested in clinical practice with variable efficacy. The clinical management of peri-implantitis aims for elimination of plaque and calculus, decontamination of the failing implant surface, and regeneration of lost bone tissue. Surface decontamination is an important part of all suggested treatments. This can be accomplished with the use of chemical agents (eg, chlorhexidine) or mechanical (eg, ultrasonic) or photonic (eg, laser) devices. In this report, we present a case of severe peri-implantitis that was successfully managed with a combined nonsurgical and surgical approach. Implant surface debridement/decontamination of the implant surface was achieved with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser device.
Subject(s)
Debridement/instrumentation , Dental Implants/adverse effects , Laser Therapy/methods , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Peri-Implantitis/surgery , Aged , Debridement/methods , Dental Prophylaxis , Female , Humans , Laser Therapy/instrumentation , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Antiseptic mouthwashes are widely prescribed in odontostomatology. Also, they are increasingly integrated in routine oral hygiene programs. Graded ethanol is present in many of the available mouthwashes. This has continuously raised the concern about their safety and potential side effects of the alcohol in their composition. Alcohol was associated in many reports to cancers of the oral and pharyngeal region. Xerostomia was also suggested as a potential side effect of alcohol-containing mouthwashes. Although substantial evidence supports the association of ethanol to oral cancer, the supposed association lacks of consistency and scientific evidence. Future research is needed to determine the causal relationship of alcohol-containing mouthwashes and oral cancers. On the other hand, the benefit of alcohol in mouthwashes composition is not scientifically established.
