ABSTRACT
The paper describes the authors' experience with the new Russian antituberculous agent isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INAH) used in postpartum female patients with different forms of active and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. The study group comprised 20 puerperas with respiratory tuberculosis of different degrees who received fenazid in a dose of 0.5 g daily for 2-3 months for therapeutic and preventive purposes. The comparison group included 36 puerperas given isoniazid in a daily dose of 0.6 g. The effectiveness of fenazid in treating and preventing respiratory tuberculosis allowed the agent to be used in postpartum period and recommended if there are side effects of isoniazid and altered peripheral blood parameters.
Subject(s)
Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Lung/pathology , Postpartum Period , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Adult , Female , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Humans , Pregnancy , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathologyABSTRACT
The paper shows the experience gained in the use of the new Russian antituberculous drug fenazid in patients with different forms of active pulmonary tuberculosis and with neuro- and angiotoxic reactions to isoniazid. The study group comprised 25 patients aged 23 to 70 years who received fenazid as tablets in a daily dose of 0.5 g for 2 months at the first stage of the basic course of chemotherapy. The control group including 24 patients of the same age was given the routine antituberculous chemotherapy regimen, including isoniazid. The use of fenazid permits adequate therapy in patients with poor isoniazid tolerance, which may recommend fenazid to individuals at high risk for adverse reactions as their prevention.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/adverse effects , Iron Chelating Agents/chemistry , Isoniazid/analogs & derivatives , Isoniazid/adverse effects , Organometallic Compounds/adverse effects , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Antitubercular Agents/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Isoniazid/administration & dosage , Male , Middle Aged , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The studies of the effects produced by M. tuberculosis various strains on the activity of lysosomal enzymes in peritoneal mouse macrophages demonstrated multidirectional influence of the bacilli. Non-sedimentary activity rose in matrical enzymes indicating lysosomal membranes instability due to M. tuberculosis infection followed by hydrolase activation and hydrolases escape into the cytosol. An inhibiting action of pathogenic mycobacteria on lysosomal proteases is suggested.
Subject(s)
Lysosomes/enzymology , Macrophages, Peritoneal/enzymology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology , Tuberculosis/enzymology , Acid Phosphatase/analysis , Animals , Cathepsin D/analysis , Cathepsin E , Cathepsins/analysis , Enzyme Activation , Macrophage Activation , Male , Mice , beta-Galactosidase/analysis , beta-Glucosidase/analysisABSTRACT
The role of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha in pulmonary hypertension formation was elucidated in experimental tuberculosis in dogs and the mechanism of a hypotensive action of sodium oxybutyrate specified with consideration of its influence on the non-gas exchange pulmonary function. The level of the above compounds was studied in the blood taken from the pulmonary artery and aorta in comparison with pulmonary artery pressure prior to and after intravenous injection of sodium oxybutyrate, an antihypoxant. Pulmonary vessel tone was found to depend on the cGMP content and synthesis in the lungs both in health and in tuberculosis and pulmonary hypertension in tuberculosis was associated with a deranged level and correlation of cAMP, cGMP and prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha in pulmonary circulation. It has been demonstrated that the hypotensive effect of sodium oxybutyrate is associated with its influence on these biochemical parameters in plasma.
Subject(s)
Lung/physiopathology , Sodium Oxybate/pharmacology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Alprostadil/metabolism , Animals , Cyclic AMP/metabolism , Cyclic GMP/metabolism , Dinoprost/metabolism , Dogs , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism , Prostaglandins/metabolism , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/metabolismABSTRACT
The mechanism of sodium oxybutyrate effect on the lung vessels under normal conditions and under conditions of experimental tuberculosis in dogs was studied by the time course of pressure in the pulmonary artery and the content of serotonin, histamine and adenosine in blood of the aorta and pulmonary artery after the drug intravenous administration. To confirm the antihypoxic effect of sodium oxybutyrate, the levels of lactate, pyruvate, ATP, ADP and AMP were investigated. The levels of adenosine were judged indirectly by the activity of 5-nucleotidase, adenosine desaminase and AMP. It was shown that the decrease in pressure in the pulmonary artery after the use of sodium oxybutyrate was connected with the drug antihypoxic effect which led to lower levels of histamine in the aorta blood under the normal conditions and to higher levels of adenosine under the conditions of tuberculosis.
