ABSTRACT
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious, rapidly spreading viral disease and has emerged as a public health emergency of international concern. As of this time, there are no specific antiviral therapies available for the treatment of COVID-19. However, it is possible that some existing drugs, usually used for other conditions, may have some benefits. Statins have been widely reported to exert antiviral activity against many enveloped viruses by inhibiting the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Cholesterol likewise contributes to the coronavirus's life cycle, including viral entry, fusion and budding. In addition, statins have been ascribed beneficial anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory effects and promote haemodynamic stability. Therefore, statins, which are cholesterol-lowering drugs with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antiviral properties, may play a role in SARS-CoV-2 therapy. The aim of the present minireview was to delineate the potential beneficial therapeutic effects of statins in treating SARS-CoV-2 infections. Nevertheless, large, randomised trials are needed to confirm the beneficial effects and safety profile of the statins in patients with SARS-CoV-2.
ABSTRACT
The pathologic and molecular substrate of people diagnosed with cognitive deficits and movement disturbance may not occur exclusively in the context of a brain region, but it may be expressed in another part of body such as muscle. A large body of research has demonstrated that slow motor performance is associated with cognitive impairment in elderly people. The interdependence between motor dysfunction and cognition decline is still not fully understood. Although several factors have been suggested to give a plausible explanation, ß-amyloid (Aß) and τ-protein aggregation is a common feature of a number of neurodegenerative disorders which are characterized by both motor and cognitive impairment, and it is assumed that the aggregation process plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview of the available evidence that can help to better elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between cognitive and movement disturbances by focusing on Aß and τ-protein.
