ABSTRACT
The cytotoxicity and physical properties of the pyrrolo[1,2-a] benzimidazole (PBI) and pyrrolo-[1,2-a]indole (PI) aziridinyl quinones were compared in order to assess the influence of the benzimidazole ring on antitumor activity and DNA reductive alkylation. Our studies show that the PI system possesses none of the cytotoxicity of the PBI systems. Unlike the PBIs, the PI system does not reductively alkylate DNA. Apparently, the benzimidazole ring favors reductive alkylation due to its electron deficient character compared to indole. In addition, the benzimidazole ring may provide the hydrogen bonding interactions required for the interaction with DNA. Our findings resulted in the elucidation of a PBI pharmacophore. Inspection of the literature revealed another drug sharing the PBI pharmacophore, 5-(1-aziridinyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)- 2-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione (EO9), which remarkably has cytotoxic properties similar to those of the PBIs.
