ABSTRACT
Esse trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as características físicas e microbiológicas de carnes maturadas e tenderizadas, comercializadas na região de Dracena, SP. Foram adquiridas aleatoriamente oito amostras de carne maturada e oito amostras de carne tenderizada de estabelecimentos comerciais, as quais foram submetidas a análises de pH, força de cisalhamento, perdas por cocção, cor e microbiologia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos e oito repetições. Dentre as características físicas estudadas, foi observada diferença significativa entre os processos de amaciamento para pH, perdas por cocção, intensidade de vermelho (a*), intensidade de amarelo (b*) e teores de oximioglobina e metamioglobina (O/M) (P0,05) entre os processos de amaciamento para força de cisalhamento e luminosidade. Dentre as características microbiológicas estudadas, foi observada diferença significativa entre os processos na contagem total de bactérias e no grupo de psicrotróficos (P0,05). As carnes bovinas maturadas e tenderizadas em comercialização na região de Dracena, SP, embora com diferenças bastante claras e perceptíveis ao olho humano em algumas características físicas, são semelhantes quanto à maciez e apresentam cor e qualidade microbiológica dentro dos padrões adequados para a comercialização e consumo humano...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and microbiological characteristics of aged and tenderized beef commercialized in the Dracena region, SP. Eight samples of aged meat and eight samples of tenderized meat were randomly purchased from commercial establishments and submitted to measurements of pH, shear force, cooking losses and color and to microbiological analysis. A completely randomized design consisting of two treatments and eight replicates was used. Among the physical characteristics studied, significant differences between the tenderization processes were observed for pH, cooking loss, redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and oxymyoglobin/metmyoglobin ratio (O/M) (P0.05) in shear force or lightness between processes. Microbiological analysis revealed a significant difference (P0.05) Despite clear and perceptible differences to the human eye in some physical characteristics, aged and tenderized beef commercialized in the Dracena region, SP, is similar in terms of tenderness and its color and microbiological quality meet the standards required for sale and human consumption...
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Bacterial Load , Meat/microbiology , Products Commerce , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Consumer Product Safety , Cattle , Food MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Esse trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as características físicas e microbiológicas de carnes maturadas e tenderizadas, comercializadas na região de Dracena, SP. Foram adquiridas aleatoriamente oito amostras de carne maturada e oito amostras de carne tenderizada de estabelecimentos comerciais, as quais foram submetidas a análises de pH, força de cisalhamento, perdas por cocção, cor e microbiologia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos e oito repetições. Dentre as características físicas estudadas, foi observada diferença significativa entre os processos de amaciamento para pH, perdas por cocção, intensidade de vermelho (a*), intensidade de amarelo (b*) e teores de oximioglobina e metamioglobina (O/M) (P<0,05), sendo as carnes maturadas as que apresentaram menor pH e perdas por cocção e maior a*, b* e O/M. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas (P>0,05) entre os processos de amaciamento para força de cisalhamento e luminosidade. Dentre as características microbiológicas estudadas, foi observada diferença significativa entre os processos na contagem total de bactérias e no grupo de psicrotróficos (P<0,05), e não foi encontrada diferença entre os processos para o grupo de enterobactérias (P>0,05). As carnes bovinas maturadas e tenderizadas em comercialização na região de Dracena, SP, embora com diferenças bastante claras e perceptíveis ao olho humano em algumas características físicas, são semelhantes quanto à maciez e apresentam cor e qualidade microbiológica dentro dos padrões adequados para a comercialização e consumo humano...(AU)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and microbiological characteristics of aged and tenderized beef commercialized in the Dracena region, SP. Eight samples of aged meat and eight samples of tenderized meat were randomly purchased from commercial establishments and submitted to measurements of pH, shear force, cooking losses and color and to microbiological analysis. A completely randomized design consisting of two treatments and eight replicates was used. Among the physical characteristics studied, significant differences between the tenderization processes were observed for pH, cooking loss, redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and oxymyoglobin/metmyoglobin ratio (O/M) (P<0.05), with aged meat exhibiting a lower pH and cooking losses and higher a*, b* and O/M values. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in shear force or lightness between processes. Microbiological analysis revealed a significant difference (P<0.05) in total bacterial count and psychotropic count between processes, while there was no difference in the number of enterobacteria (P>0.05) Despite clear and perceptible differences to the human eye in some physical characteristics, aged and tenderized beef commercialized in the Dracena region, SP, is similar in terms of tenderness and its color and microbiological quality meet the standards required for sale and human consumption...(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Meat/microbiology , Products Commerce , Bacterial Load , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Consumer Product Safety , Cattle , Food MicrobiologyABSTRACT
Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (EPF) is an autoimmune disease, which occurs in Brazil and other regions of South America. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and MBL-associated serine protease (MASP-2) play a key role in innate immunity, and its deficiency has been related to increased susceptibility to infection and autoimmune diseases. MBL and MASP-2 serum levels were measured in 114 patients with EPF and in 100 healthy individuals in Brazil. MBL and MASP-2 levels were measured by sandwich assays (time-resolved immunofluorimetic assay) using monoclonal antibodies. No difference was observed in the MBL level in patients with EPF compared with controls [mean +/- SEM 1230.07 +/- 132.18 ng/mL (median 789.0 ng/mL) vs. 1036.98 +/- 117.99 ng/mL (median 559.5 ng/mL), P = 0.32]. Non-significant lower MASP-2 levels were observed in EPF [274.34 +/- 15.66 ng/mL (median 239.5 ng/mL ) vs. 304.72 +/- 15.28 ng/mL [median 261.0 ng/mL ), P = 0.06]. MBL deficiency (< 10 ng/mL) or MASP-2 deficiency (< 100 ng/mL) did not differ significantly between patients and controls. These data indicate that MBL and MASP-2 deficiency are not associated with susceptibility to EPF.