ABSTRACT
Alcohol misuse harms individuals and society with massive biopsychosocial and economic consequences: decreased worker productivity, increased unintentional injuries, aggression and violence against others, and child and spouse abuse. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends brief interventions for reducing alcohol misuse by adults, including pregnant women. Systematic methods of screening and delivering brief interventions are needed in health care settings.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/diagnosis , Alcoholism/drug therapy , Alcoholism/therapy , Communication , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Humans , Mass Screening , Motivation , Patient Education as Topic , Physician-Patient Relations , Primary Health Care/methods , Risk Assessment , Risk Reduction Behavior , Risk-Taking , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time FactorsABSTRACT
ISSUES: To contribute towards reversing the tobacco pandemic, professional organisational alliances must reduce the wide international variability in the smoking rates among health-care professionals and students, and also address the gaps in tobacco cessation training and services. APPROACH: Ongoing international surveys for monitoring smoking rates could provide the impetus for these alliances to develop programs that reduce smoking rates among professional and lay populations. KEY FINDINGS: Health professional organisations must advocate for systematically implementing comprehensive tobacco cessation training programs. IMPLICATIONS: These programs can include both evidence-based interventions and experience-based learning innovations. These innovations can help individuals address the limitations of evidence-based guidelines. This shift from teaching individuals about changing-specific risk behaviours to engaging individuals to learn how to change any risk behaviour expands the reach and impact of behaviour change programs. CONCLUSIONS: Practitioners and staff need first-hand experience of these learning innovations before guiding patients through the same process. Using both evidence-based guidelines and experience-based learning methods, organisational leaders can develop professional alliances to create social movements that promote healthy habits in general. For example, they can develop voluntary learning programs in primary care and community settings that are led by patients and that are for patients. Such bottom-up approaches have greater potential yield in addressing gaps in health promotion and disease prevention, and particularly for tobacco cessation services. This strategy is a more feasible option for resource-limited, developing countries that cannot afford costly tobacco cessation programs.
Subject(s)
Professional Role , Social Environment , Societies/trends , Tobacco Use Cessation , Health Education/methods , Health Education/trends , Health Promotion/methods , Health Promotion/trends , Humans , Tobacco Use Cessation/methodsABSTRACT
This is a pilot study of a randomized controlled trial of an individualized motivational intervention (IMI) provided by nurses to help smoking parents of sick children quit smoking. Eighty parents who brought their sick children to the hospital were entered into the study. The intervention group received an IMI from a trained nurse counselor and telephone reminders were given 1 week after the intervention. The quit rate at 1 month was 7.5% (95% CI, 0-21) in the intervention group and 2.5% (95% CI, 0-7) in the control group. Preliminary results indicated that the IMI provided by nurses seemed to be effective in helping resistant parents of sick children stop smoking. They also suggested that it was acceptable and feasible to implement such intervention in a pediatric outpatient clinic/ward in Hong Kong.
