Alternative Substrates for the Development of Fermented Beverages Analogous to Kombucha: An Integrative Review.

Kombucha is a fermented beverage that originated in China and is spread worldwide today. The infusion of Camellia sinensis leaves is mandatory as the substrate to produce kombucha but alternative plant infusions are expected to increase the opportunities to develop new fermented food products analogous to kombucha, with high technological potential and functional properties. This review gathers information regarding promising alternative substrates to produce kombucha-analogous beverages, focusing on plants available in the Amazonia biome. The data from the literature showed a wide range of alternative substrates in increasing expansion, with 37 new substrates being highlighted, of which ~29% are available in the Amazon region. Regarding the technological production of kombucha-analogous beverages, the following were the most frequent conditions: sucrose was the most used carbon/energy source; the infusions were mostly prepared at 90-100 °C, which allowed increased contents of phenolic compounds in the product; and 14 day-fermentation at 25-28 °C was typical. Furthermore, herbs with promising bioactive compound compositions and high antioxidant and antimicrobial properties are usually preferred. This review also brings up gaps in the literature, such as the lack of consistent information about chemical composition, sensory aspects, biological properties, and market strategies for fermented beverages analogous to kombucha produced with alternative substrates. Therefore, investigations aiming to overcome these gaps may stimulate the upscale of these beverages in reaching wide access to contribute to the modern consumers' quality of life.

Qualidade higiênico-sanitária de uma empresa de sorvete artesanal pela técnica de swab em Belém-PA / Hygienic-sanitary quality of an antisanal ice cream company by swab technique in Belém-PA

A microbiota encontrada nos gelados comestíveis deve-se principalmente pelas condições higiênico-sanitárias dos equipamentos e manipuladores. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico sobre a qualidade higiênico-sanitária de uma empresa de sorvete artesanal em Belém-PA através da técnica do swab. O Swab foi realizado em dois momentos. No primeiro momento foi realizada a limpeza dos equipamentos e a lavagem das mãos de acordo com o habitual da fábrica, e posteriormente conforme as normas de Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF). Todas as amostras apresentavam valores superiores aos estabelecidos como limite, sendo os manipuladores e os equipamentos grande vetores de contaminação.