ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Wilson disease is characterized by an alteration in copper metabolism that causes its accumulation in different tissues. Its diagnosis is established by the combination of clinical manifestations and paraclinical and genetic studies. Bruton agammaglobulinemia is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease belonging to the group of primary immunodeficiencies and is produced by mutation in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene. CASE REPORT: A 14-year-old Colombian patient with clinical characteristics of Bruton agammaglobulinemia presented with liver disease and clinically and molecularly diagnosed with Wilson disease. DISCUSSION: Bruton agammaglobulinemia and Wilson disease are considered rare diseases because of their low prevalence. We report for the first time a pediatric patient from southwestern Colombia presenting with both entities, and diagnosed clinically and molecularly, an association so far not reported in the literature.
Subject(s)
Agammaglobulinemia , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked , Hepatolenticular Degeneration , Adolescent , Humans , Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase/genetics , Agammaglobulinemia/diagnosis , Agammaglobulinemia/genetics , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/diagnosis , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnosis , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/geneticsABSTRACT
Introduction: Wilson disease is characterized by an alteration in copper metabolism that causes its accumulation in different tissues. Its diagnosis is established by the combination of clinical manifestations and paraclinical and genetic studies. Bruton agammaglobulinemia is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease belonging to the group of primary immunodeficiencies and is produced by mutation in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene. Case report: A 14-year-old Colombian patient with clinical characteristics of Bruton agammaglobulinemia presented with liver disease and clinically and molecularly diagnosed with Wilson disease. Discussion: Bruton agammaglobulinemia and Wilson disease are considered rare diseases because of their low prevalence. We report for the first time a pediatric patient from southwestern Colombia presenting with both entities, and diagnosed clinically and molecularly, an association so far not reported in the literature (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnosis , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/genetics , Agammaglobulinemia/diagnosis , Agammaglobulinemia/genetics , MutationABSTRACT
La hepatitis autoinmunitaria es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica del hígado caracterizada por una interacción compleja entre factores genéticos, respuesta inmunitaria a antígenos presentes en los hepatocitos y alteraciones de la regulación inmunitaria. Presenta una distribución global, con predominio en individuos de sexo femenino. Se clasifica en dos grupos, según el tipo de autoanticuerpos séricos detectados. La forma de presentación más frecuente es la hepatitis aguda (40 %), con síntomas inespecíficos, elevación de aminotransferasas e hipergammaglobulinemia. El tratamiento estándar consiste en la administración de fármacos inmunosupresores. Es una patología compleja, a veces difícil de diagnosticar. Si no se trata de manera adecuada, la mortalidad puede alcanzar el 75 % a los 5 años de evolución.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the liver characterized by a complex interaction among genetic factors, immune response to antigens present in hepatocytes, and immune regulation alterations. Its distribution is global and there is a female predominance. AIH is divided into 2 groups, depending on the type of serum autoantibodies detected. The most common presentation is acute hepatitis (40%), with nonspecific symptoms, high aminotransferase levels, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Standard treatment consists of the administration of immunosuppressive drugs. It is a complex condition, often difficult to diagnose. If not managed adequately, the 5-year mortality rate may reach 75%.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Hepatitis, Autoimmune/diagnosis , Hepatitis, Autoimmune/therapy , Gastroenterology , Autoantibodies , Latin AmericaABSTRACT
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the liver characterized by a complex interaction among genetic factors, immune response to antigens present in hepatocytes, and immune regulation alterations. Its distribution is global and there is a female predominance. AIH is divided into 2 groups, depending on the type of serum autoantibodies detected. The most common presentation is acute hepatitis (40%), with non-specific symptoms, high aminotransferase levels, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Standard treatment consists of the administration of immunosuppressive drugs. It is a complex condition, often difficult to diagnose. If not managed adequately, the 5-year mortality rate may reach 75%.
La hepatitis autoinmunitaria es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica del hígado caracterizada por una interacción compleja entre factores genéticos, respuesta inmunitaria a antígenos presentes en los hepatocitos y alteraciones de la regulación inmunitaria. Presenta una distribución global, con predominio en individuos de sexo femenino. Se clasifica en dos grupos, según el tipo de autoanticuerpos séricos detectados. La forma de presentación más frecuente es la hepatitis aguda (40 %), con síntomas inespecíficos, elevación de aminotransferasas e hipergammaglobulinemia. El tratamiento estándar consiste en la administración de fármacos inmunosupresores. Es una patología compleja, a veces difícil de diagnosticar. Si no se trata de manera adecuada, la mortalidad puede alcanzar el 75 % a los 5 años de evolución.
