ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To analyze the technical and tactical training load in professional volleyball players, using subjective internal training load (session rating of perceived exertion [SRPE]) and objective internal training load (training impulse of the heart rate [HR]) and the relationship between them. METHODS: The sample was composed of 15 male professional volleyball players. They were monitored during 37 training sessions that included both technical (n = 23) and tactical (n = 14) training. Technical and training load was calculated using SRPE and training impulse of the HR. RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between the methods in tactical (r = .616) and technical training (r = -.414). Furthermore, it was noted that technical training occurs up to 80% of HRmax (zone 3) and tactical training between 70% and 90% of HRmax (zones 3-4). CONCLUSIONS: The training impulse of the HR method has proved to be effective for training-load control during tactical training. However, it was limited compared with technical training. Thus, the use of SRPE is presented as a more reliable method in the different types of technical training in volleyball.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is suggested as an important non-pharmacological mechanism to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the objective the present study was to verify the association of the number of daily steps with cardiovascular risk factors in basic education teachers and analyze the suitability of the cutoff of 10,000 steps/day as a predictor for the main risk factors in this sample. METHODS: Two hundred teachers (43.2±10.2 years) of basic education were assessed in Viçosa, Brazil. It was analyzed the number of daily steps, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage (%BF), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. RESULTS: The group which exceeded the 10,000 steps had lower BMI, BF% and triglycerides (P<0.05) compared to those who did not reach this value. A weak inverse correlation between the number of steps and BMI, WC and %BF was observed. Overweight and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with low number of steps (<10,000). The average number of daily steps was predictive of major cardiovascular risk factors, with the best cutoff near the 8000 steps for the presented results. CONCLUSIONS: Basic education teachers who exceed the 10,000 daily steps have a lower BMI, %BF and triglycerides. On the other hand, teachers who do not overcome show a greater chance of overweight and dyslipidemia. The cutoff point of 8000 steps/day in this sample had an appropriate value in the prediction of the risk factors analyzed.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Exercise , Fitness Trackers , Health Promotion , School Teachers , Adult , Aged , Blood Pressure/physiology , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Overweight/blood , Risk Factors , Triglycerides/blood , Waist-Hip RatioABSTRACT
El objetivo del estudio es presentar posibles aplicaciones de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima (FCM) en el entrenamiento y ambiente clínico así como identificar las ecuaciones que estiman la FCM. En el entrenamiento proporciona informaciones para la prescripción del ejercicio, el estado de sobreentrenamiento y el cálculo del gasto diario energético. En el ambiente clínico ayuda en la realización e interpretación de pruebas submaximales y maximales. En determinadas situaciones se utilizan ecuaciones matemáticas para el cálculo de la FCM. En la literatura médica especializada existen más de cincuenta ecuaciones disponibles, en las cuales solo se tiene en cuenta el factor edad o se incluyen otros factores tales como sexo, condición de salud o parámetros antropométricos. Por todo ello, para tener mayor exactitud a la hora de elegir una ecuación estimativa de la FCM es necesario conocer las existentes y optar por aquella que se adapta mejor a los objetivos de evaluación o prescripción de ejercicio(AU)
The aim of this study was to show the possible applications of the heart rate maximum (HRmax) on training and clinical environment, as well as to identify the use of different equations to estimate the HRmax. The training provides information for the prescription of exercise, state of over-training and to calculate the daily energy expenditure. Moreover, when performed in the clinical environment they can help interpret sub-maximal tests as maximal ones. In some situations mathematical equations are used for calculating the HRmax. Thus, of more than fifty (50) equations were available in the specialised literature, some only have age as a factor, while others include, age, state of health and anthropometric parameters. However, to obtain more accuracy when choosing any equation to estimate the HRmax, one must have all the data and choose the one that best suits the objectives of evaluation or exercise prescription(AU)
