ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of pre-dementia cognitive disorders in elderly people. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 65 elderly individuals (37 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) according to NIA-AA criteria, mean age 67.2 years; 28 controls, mean age 65.2 years) underwent MRS (3.0 T) with posterior cingulate cortex as the region of interest. Absolute concentrations of metabolites (tCr, NAA, Glx, mI, Cho, NAA) were calculated based on their signal intensities. Statistical analysis was performed to assess intergroup differences and correlations. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the clinical and control groups in the absolute concentrations of metabolites: mI (MCI 4.97±0.13; controls 4.76±0.15; p=0.04) and NAA/mI (MCI 1.61±0.04; controls 1.73±0.04; p=0.04), as well as in the intensities of the choline-containing compounds signal (MCI 0.215±0.015; controls 0.205±0.005; p=0.04) in the posterior cingulate cortex region. No significant correlations between these changes and age were observed, suggesting the predominant role of neurodegeneration in the pathological process under investigation. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the promising nature of MRS as a tool to find the neurodegeneration biomarker.
Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders , Cognitive Dysfunction , Aged , Humans , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Cortex , Choline , Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyABSTRACT
The paper presents the authors' experience in using small pelvic MRI on an Ellipse low-field apparatus made in Russia. A total of 74 patients were examined. Abnormal formations in the small pelvic organs were visualized in 72 patients. The potentialities and limitations of MRI in visualizing small pelvic organs and their pathology are shown. The technique is compared with CT and ultrasound study.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Pelvis/pathology , Tomography/instrumentation , Diagnosis, Differential , Equipment Design , Female , Genital Diseases, Female/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Russia , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
The object of the work was to reveal the unique possibilities of a highly effective noninvasive method NMR-tomography in evaluating the functional condition of extracardiac conduits in experiments. Conduit models with a stationary flow of blood and 10 dogs with implanted left ventricular-aortic conduit were studied. The studies were conducted on a Soviet MT-1000 NMR tomograph. In all studies with diverse cross sections a distinct location of the heart and the large blood vessels and a "new" left ventricular outlet tract was achieved. Minute features of the inner architectonics of the pumping chamber and the lining of the conduit were detected which could not be found by the routine methods. The study allowed certain conclusions to be made concerning the promising application of NMR tomography in the cardiosurgical clinic. With the use of the method some recommendations may be given for optimization of the designs of extracardiac conduits.
