Childhood Parental Neglect, Abuse and Rejection Among Transgender Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

We aimed to estimate the proportions of childhood parental neglect, abuse, and rejection and to evaluate the co-occurrence of these experiences among transgender women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample enrolled between July 2019 and March 2020, using an adapted version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Proportions and corresponding confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Kendall correlation with Tau-b estimator was used in the bivariate analyses. We gathered data from 139 participants. The most prevalent types of childhood traumas were emotional abuse (60.43%, 95% CI [51.79, 68.62]), physical abuse (57.55%, 95% CI [48.90, 65.89]) and sexual abuse (44.60%, 95% CI [36.18, 53.27]). Severe to extreme physical and emotional abuse occurred among 40.29% (95% CI [32.06, 48.93]) and 5.75% (95% CI [2.51, 11.02]) of participants, respectively. The proportion of parental rejection (eviction) was 32.37% (95% CI [25.04, 40.69]) and occurred with the other forms of abuse, except sexual abuse. Multiple types of childhood abuse, neglect, and parental rejection were observed among transgender women in our sample. The harmful effects of childhood abuse on the mental and physical health of people in the transgender population are of concern, particularly considering the cumulative effect produced by the co-occurrence of such events and their harmful lifetime effects. It is urgently necessary to debate and formulate public policies to ensure the right to gender expression from childhood.

Crisis as potentiality: proximity care and the epidemic by Covid-19 / La crisis como potencia: los cuidados de proximidad y la epidemia de Covid-19 / A crise como potência: os cuidados de proximidade e a epidemia pela Covid-19

This article aims at questioning the privatizing hospital-centered biomedical model from the point of view of the response to the Covid-19 epidemic, which focuses on hospital care and hard and light-hard technologies. In this context, we argue that the governmental political project of defunding the public health system and other social policies severely aggravates this scenario. Putting under the spotlight the experiences of other countries, we present 'Proximity Care' as a territorial-based construction centered on light technologies for the production of highly complex care. Proximity Care appears under various shapes in the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) and has been presently underused. We show its potential for the creation of living networks of existence and the possibilities that it opens to reconfigure not only the model of coping with the epidemic, but also that of the post-pandemic.

El objetivo de este artículo es tensionar los equívocos del modelo biomédico centrado en el hospital privatizador a partir de la respuesta a la epidemia de Covid-19, que tienen como centro el cuidado en el hospital y las tecnologías duras y leves-duras. Traemos como elementos agravantes en este escenario el proyecto político gubernamental de desfinanciación del sistema público de salud y de otras políticas sociales. Colocando en escena la experiencia de otros países, presentamos los 'Cuidados de Proximidad' como construcción de base territorial centrada en las tecnologías leves para la producción de cuidados de alta complejidad, presente bajo diversos modelados en el Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS), que se ha aprovechado poco en este momento. Buscamos mostrar el potencial de los cuidados de proximidad para la creación de redes vivas de existencia y las posibilidades que abre para reconfigurar no solo el modelo de enfrentamiento de la epidemia, sino también el de la postpandemia.

Este artigo busca tensionar os equívocos do modelo biomédico hospitalocêntrico privatizante com base na resposta à epidemia pela Covid-19, que tem como centralidade o cuidado no hospital e as tecnologias duras e leve-duras. Mostramos, como elementos agravantes nesse cenário, o projeto político governamental de desfinanciamento do sistema público de saúde e de outras políticas sociais. Trazendo a experiência de outros países para a cena, apresentamos os "cuidados de proximidade" como construção de base territorial centrada nas tecnologias leves para a produção de cuidados de alta complexidade, presentes sob diversas modelagens no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), que vêm sendo pouco aproveitadas nesse momento. Buscamos mostrar o potencial dos cuidados de proximidade para a criação de redes vivas de existência e as possibilidades que abrem para reconfigurar não apenas o modelo de enfrentamento da epidemia, mas também o do pós-pandemia.