ABSTRACT
The toxicity of extracts of lavender (Lavandula officinalis) leaves and flowers was evaluated. Aqueous ethanolic and acetone extracts had higher tannin content than that in the aqueous solution. Polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured in aqueous extracts of leaves and flowers. Polyphenol concentration in aqueous leaf and flower extracts was 61.31 and 84.43 mg tannic acid/g, respectively, whereas flavonoid concentration was 194.1 and 109.9 mg quercetin/g, respectively. Saponin content was 7.85% and 6.22% in leaves and flowers extract, respectively, and alkaloids content was 0.2651% and 0.2132% for leaves and flowers extract, respectively. The EC50 (36 h) of hatching success of Artemia salina cysts was 0.301 and 0.915 mg/mL for aqueous extracts of leaves and flowers, respectively, whereas that for aqueous ethanolic extracts of leaves and flowers, it was 0.111 and 0.586 mg/mL, respectively. The EC50 (36 h) was 0.011 mg/mL for tannic acid. Additionally, the LC50 (24 h) for aqueous extracts of leaves and flowers was 0.467 and 0.724 mg/mL, respectively, whereas that of the aqueous ethanolic extracts of leaves and flowers was 0.074 and 0.126 mg/mL, respectively. The LC50 was 0.015 mg/mL for tannic acid. Although aromatherapy using lavender oils or extracts is beneficial to human health, particularly owing to its anxiolytic, analgesic, and antihyperlipidemic effects, we demonstrated that these extracts might exhibit toxicity. Hence, lavender should be used carefully by health practitioners, and lavender therapies should be closely monitored by medical staff to avoid its toxic effects.
Subject(s)
Artemia/drug effects , Flowers/chemistry , Lavandula/chemistry , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Animals , Lethal Dose 50 , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Solvents/chemistryABSTRACT
This is a cross-sectional quantitative study quantitative held in the rooming area of a medium-sized hospital in the hinterlands of Paraná, Brazil. 40 mothers over 18 years participated in the study. The study aimed to examine what this population knows about the purpose and importance of completing the "Guthrie test" and also to characterize these mothers socio-demographically. The data were collected in May and June 2010 through a semi-structured questionnaire developed and implemented by the researchers themselves. The purpose of neonatal screening was known by 65% (n = 26) of the participants. The majority of them knew the purpose and knew about the importance of completing the "Guthrie test", a fact which shows the importance of the orientations these mothers must have on this subject even before the birth of the baby, still focusing on prenatal care, and emphasizing the importance of the role of nurses in this context.
Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Mothers , Neonatal Screening , Adult , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant, NewbornABSTRACT
Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado no Alojamento Conjunto de um hospital de médio porte, no interior do Paraná do qual fizeram parte 40 puérperas maiores de 18 anos. Teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento desta população sobre a finalidade e importância da realização do "teste do pezinho" e caracterizá-la sócio-demograficamente. Os dados foram coletados em maio e junho de 2010, através de um questionário semi-estruturado elaborado e aplicado pelos próprios pesquisadores. A finalidade da triagem neonatal era conhecida por 65 por cento (n=26) das participantes, observando-se que a maioria conhecia a finalidade e sabia sobre a importância da realização do "teste do pezinho", fato este que denota a importância das orientações que devem ser dispensadas a estas mães sobre o referido assunto, mesmo antes do nascimento do bebê, com enfoque ainda no pré-natal, destacando-se a importância do papel do enfermeiro neste contexto.
Estudio transversal, cuantitativo, celebrada en alojamiento conjunto de un hospital en el interior de Paraná, Brasil, con 40 madres de más de 18 años. Tuvo como objetivo examinar el conocimiento das madres sobre el propósito y la importancia de completar la "prueba de Guthrie" y caracteriza su socio-demográficamente. Los datos se recolectaron en mayo y junio de 2010 a través de un cuestionario, desarrollado e implementado por los investigadores. El objetivo del cribado neonatal era conocido por el 65 por ciento (n = 26) de los participantes, la mayoría sabía que el propósito y la importancia de completar la "prueba de Guthrie", que demuestra la importancia de las directrices que debe ser puesto a las madres sobre el tema, antes del nacimiento del bebé, enfocado en la atención prenatal, haciendo hincapié en la importancia del papel de las enfermeras en este contexto.
This is a cross-sectional quantitative study quantitative held in the rooming area of a medium-sized hospital in the hinterlands of Paraná, Brazil. 40 mothers over 18 years participated in the study. The study aimed to examine what this population knows about the purpose and importance of completing the "Guthrie test" and also to characterize these mothers sociodemographically. The data were collected in May and June 2010 through a semi-structured questionnaire developed and implemented by the researchers themselves. The purpose of neonatal screening was known by 65 percent (n = 26) of the participants. The majority of them knew the purpose and knew about the importance of completing the "Guthrie test", a fact which shows the importance of the orientations these mothers must have on this subject even before the birth of the baby, still focusing on prenatal care, and emphasizing the importance of the role of nurses in this context.
