[Laparoscopic therapy of inguinal hernia--transabdominal onlay mesh (TOM)]. / Laparoskopická liecba inguinálnej hernie--TOM (Transabdominal Onlay Mesh).

AIM: A presentation of the authors experience and results with the TOM (Transabdominal Onlay Mesh) when using the laparoscopic method for the inguinal hernia treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The laparoscopic treatment method of the inguinal hernia has been used in the Centre of the miniinvasive surgery in Podlesí since October 1992. Until September 2003, we had operated 4910 patients, who were treated for 5399 inguinal hernias. From January 1999 to October 2003 we operated 3550 inguinal hernias in 3183 patients using the TOM method (367 hernia cases were bilateral). RESULTS: The average operation time in cases of uncomplicated hernias during unilateral surgical procedures is 21.4 minutes and during bilateral procedures is 31.5 minutes. Complications totaled 1.268% (peroperative 0.282% and postoperative 0.986%) The average patients age was 51.3 years (17-91). There were 87.8% males and 12.2% females. 96 patients were assigned to the one-day surgery programme. CONCLUSION: We believe that the use of the TOM method in the laparoscopic treatment of the inguinal hernia is grounded and that, with further development of new prosthetic materials, it will obtain a broader spectrum of applications.

[Methods of intraperitoneal placement of mesh in laparoscopic surgery of inguinal hernias (IPOM--Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh)]. / Metoda intraperitoneálne polozené sít'ky u laparoskopické plastiky tríselné kýly (IPOM--Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh).

BACKGROUND: Intraperitoneal onlay mesh is a new method of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair shortening an operative time and reducing its cost, which is very safe and less burdening a patient. METHODS: 325 males and 37 females at the mean age of 47.3 years were operated on electively for symptomatic inguinal hernia by IPOM method. In all cases we used a polyester mesh impregnated with silicone. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 18 minutes for unilateral procedure and 28 minutes for bilateral one. There was no serious complication during the operation even the post-operative time and no recurrency following this type of the operation. CONCLUSION: IPOM hernioplasty can be a method of choice in the inguinal hernia repair because of this procedure is very simple, cheap and safe for a patient. We have to wait for a long-term results to validate the hitherto existing ones, even if they are very optimistic.

[Surgical laparoscopy in inguinal hernias, results of 143 operations]. / Plastika tríselné kýly laparoskopicky, výsledky prvních 143 operací.

The authors present a new surgical approach in inguinal hernias by the laparoscopic route, using a prolene mesh and a transabdominal preperitoneal approach. The advantages are excellent anatomical orientation, reduction of relapses, reduction of the postoperative discomfort, shorter convalescence and more rapid return to work. The future will show whether the described procedure is optimal.

[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and choledocholithiasis]. / Laparoskopická cholecystektomie a choledocholitiáza.

Laparoscopic operations are a revolution in surgery. So far they were developed most in surgery of the biliary pathways. The authors emphasize the necessity to extend diagnostic and therapeutic examination methods of the biliary pathways pre-, intra- and postoperative ERCP, pre- and intraoperative cholangiography, choledochotomy, choledochoscopy, concrement extraction. Only then laparoscopic operations attain their full importance with all advantages--postoperative comfort, reduced period of treatment, hospitalization and convalescence, cosmetic effect. The authors present in the submitted paper their own experience and world-wide trends--mainly in the USA and France.

Transforming growth factors (TGFs) produced by R-XC cells.

Chemical fractionation as a first step of purification of TGFs from R-XC cells and culture medium was described. Physicochemical treatment indicated that the crude preparation of RGF's contains a heat and acid stable and dithiothreitol and trypsin sensitive polypeptides related with the alpha and/or beta TGFs. The influence of partially purified TGFs on REF cell colony formation in soft agar was documented.

Isolation of the homogeneous constituents from non-diffusible sugar-peptide (NSP) fraction originating from bovine plasma. IV. The influence on cell growth of REF and R-XC cells in vitro.

The effect of the NSP fraction and its four peptide constituents (A, C2, D and G) on the 3H-thymidine incorporation into REF and R-XC cells in vitro was described. Only peptide G (at concentration 5 micrograms/ml) affected the growth of the investigated cells, decreasing the 3H-thymidine uptake to 4-13% relative to untreated control, regardless of the kind of investigated cells. The effect of peptide G, added in concentration 10 ng-1 microgram, however was dependent on the type of investigated cells, suggests that neoplastic transformation changes the response of rat cells in vitro. The possible explanation of the differences in the biological response of the investigated cells to peptide G is proposed.

Transfection of brown Leghorn embryo fibroblasts (BLEF) and duck embryo fibroblasts (DEF) by means of DNA isolated from RSV-transformed cells.

Transfection of Brown Leghorn embryo fibroblasts (BLEF) and embryo fibroblasts (DEF) was made by means of DNA isolated from RSV-transformed cells. DNA samples were carried out by means of phenol method, according to Svoboda at al. [16, 20] from the tumor sarcoma tissue and from cells transformed in vitro (XC and PR-RSH). DNA samples isolated from cell cultures were used for transfection BLEF and DEF cell cultures. Positive transfection results after the use DNA samples were recorded in BLEF and DEF1 cell cultures. The efficiency of transfection of BLEF is about 30% and for DEF1 10%.

An attempt at comparison of the morphology of normal and RSV--transformed cells in a scanning microscope.

The electronic scanning microscope (SEM) was first used to analyze biological material in 1965 (Hollenberg M. et al. The Journal of Histochem. and Cytochem. 21, 109-130, 1973). It has since been possible to collect specific data on cell morphology and the changes in cell surface and structure caused by external factors, such as oncogenic viruses.

Preliminary results of the investigations of the cell surface membranes composition (proteins and sugars) in BHK-21, BHK-21/RSV and PR-RSH cell cultures.

The results of preliminary investigations concerned with protein and sugar composition of cell surface membranes of BHK-21, BHK-21/RSV and PR-RSH were described. The obtained results indicate on quantitative differences mainly in sugar content of the investigated cells. However differences of quantitative and qualitative composition of proteins of the BHK-21, BHK-21/RSV and PR-RSH were found.

Increased agglutinability and haemadsorption of Marek's disease HPRS line 1 lymphoblastoic cells after concanavalin A treatment.

The HPRS line 1 lymphoblastoid cells derived from an ovarian lymphoma induced by Marek's disease virus in chickens displayed increased agglutinability and haemadsorption when incubated with Con A. The increase was proportional to the concentration of Con A used. The same Con A-untreated cells and normal chicken lymphocytes incubated with Con A exhibited no increase in agglutinability and haemadsorption, however.

The influence of the non-dialysable sugar-peptide fraction from bovine blood plasma on the amino acid incorporation of BHK-21 normal and RSV transformed cells.

The non-dialysable sugar-peptide rich fraction of bovine blood plasma has been studied with regard to its influence on the amino acid incorporation of BHK-21 and BHK/RSV cells in vitro. The results indicate that the Nsp fraction contains a peptide factor(s) causing changes in activity for the protein and DNA synthethizing system in both the cell cultures examined. The biological activity of the factor(s) is regulated by interaction with blood serum components and this fact may play a leading role in its regulatory function.

Adaptation of the influenza virus A2-pol 29/69 to the cells of the Chinese hamster lung (CHL) and to the cells BHK-21.

In the course of research of the possibilities of adapting the influenza virus serotype A 2-Pol 29/69 to BHK-21 and CHL cells its production was established in the investigated combinations. An indication of virus replication is an increase in infectious and haemagglutination titres within 48 h after infection and gradual increase in haemadsorption. Observation of the influence of trypsin (10 microgram/ml) indicates that trypsin increases the capability of viruses to penetrate the cells. The cytopathic effect was not observed in cells infected with influenza virus.

Membranolytic activity of detergents as studied with cell viability tests.

The membranolytic activity of 12 chosen detergents upon Ehrlich ascites tumour and Chinese hamster lung cells were studied with the fluorescein diacetate and the dye exclusion tests of cell viability. It was found that all these tests give reproducible and concordant results when non-ionic detergents are used but for ionic detergents only the fluorescein diacetate test can be applied. Membranolytic activity of the detergents appeared to be uncorrelated with their capacity of membrane solubilization. Digitonin and aescin, the horse-chestnut saponin, were found to be much more toxic than sodium dodecylsulphate or Triton X-100. When the detergents with aliphatic hydrophobic residues were compared, a cationic detergent cethylmethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was more toxic than non-ionic or anionic detergents. A hydrophobic part of the aescin molecule, that is its aglycone appeared responsible for the membranolytic activity of this saponin. When the lytic activity of the tested detergents for the two tested types of cells was compared it was found that the horse-chestnut saponin substances show different toxicity for various cells. It is suggested that in the future some of the detergents can be applied for detection and quantitative monitoring of species and tissue specific differences in plasma membrane properties of animal cells.

Electronmicroscopy of the replication of the ISU-2 strain of IBR/IPV-herpes virus in inoculated cultures of bovine embryo kidney (BEK) cells.

Studies on the replication of the ISU-2 strain of IBR/IPV-Herpes virus and on its behaviour in inoculated BEK cultures have shown that the replication of viral DNA as well as the production of icosahedral particles occur within the cell nucleus. Similarly like in each Herpes virus group, while passing through the nuclear envelope and the cell membrane the virus obtains an additional envelope that enlarges its diameter. The viral particles produced in a large quantity, may pass through the cell membrane into the extracellular spaces or may be caught by the cytoplasmic vacoules, where they are decomposed.