ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: There is much in the literature regarding the potential for commercial bias in clinical research and in continuing medical education (CME), but no studies were found regarding the potential for bias in reporting original research in CME venues. This pilot study investigated the presence of perceived bias in oral and print content of research findings presented in certified CME activities. METHODS: Research presentations at two national primary care CME activities, where authors had self-reported potential conflicts of interest, were peer reviewed and monitored for perceived commercial bias. Blinded and unblinded peer reviewers' and monitors' analyses of bias were compared to assess whether knowledge of potential conflicts of interest affected perceptions of bias. RESULTS: Knowledge of potential conflicts of interest appeared to increase awareness of potential commercial bias with regard to use of a single product in care and assurance that there was reasonable evidence to support the practice recommendation. A perception of the presenter's strong opinion regarding care did not appear to be influenced by knowledge of a potential conflict of interest. DISCUSSION: While limited, by study design, this research detected subjectivity and variability in perceiving commercial bias within research findings presented in CME venues. Further study of these questions is required to guide the resolution of conflicts of interest in research and CME.
Subject(s)
Conflict of Interest , Education, Medical, Continuing/ethics , Research , Commerce/ethics , Truth DisclosureSubject(s)
Community-Institutional Relations , Ethics, Medical , Medical Futility/ethics , Medical Staff, Hospital/ethics , Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards , Advisory Committees , Communication , Community Participation , Ethics Committees, Clinical , Ethics Consultation , Focus Groups , Humans , Kansas , Medical Staff, Hospital/standards , Morals , Professional-Family Relations/ethicsSubject(s)
Cultural Competency , Ethics, Institutional , Informed Consent , Personal Autonomy , Cultural Competency/ethics , Cultural Competency/legislation & jurisprudence , Cultural Competency/organization & administration , Cultural Competency/psychology , Ethics, Institutional/education , Ethnicity , Humans , Informed Consent/ethics , Inservice Training , Japan , Mental Competency , Racial Groups , Staff Development , United States , United States Dept. of Health and Human ServicesSubject(s)
Decision Making , Dissent and Disputes , Family Relations , Withholding Treatment , Humans , Medical FutilitySubject(s)
Decision Making/ethics , Ethics, Medical , Life Support Care/standards , Medical Futility , Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards , Terminal Care/standards , Health Personnel/education , Humans , Life Support Care/ethics , Missouri , Organizational Policy , Quality of Life , Terminal Care/ethics , Trust , United StatesABSTRACT
Globalization is reshaping the world and its people. Nursing, likewise, is in the process of expanding its worldview to one that accommodates global care. The authors further articulate a global ethic for nursing by distinguishing 2 concepts: world citizenship, as described by Martha Nussbaum, which calls nurses to critically evaluate personal and culture-based beliefs, and compassionate professional, which calls nurses to nurture partnerships of mutual respect. It is also important that nursing participate and support professional and international organizations that address social injustices related to healthcare, poverty, and public health.
