Dataset of source-sink manipulation through growth retardant for enhancing productivity and profitability of cotton in north west, India.

Two different field experiments were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bathinda, (1) to manage optimum source-sink relationship through mepiquat chloride (MC) in Bt cotton hybrid and (2) to find feasibility of MC application on non hybrid compact cotton genotype under high density planting system (HDPS) with varied nitrogen levels. Raw data for growth and yield parameters was recorded from each treatment and statistically analysed. In experiment (1), application of MC 75 g active ingredient per hectare (a.i./ha) irrespective of splits between 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS) was effective for significant reduction in plant height, increase in bolls per plant as compared to control and de-topping treatments. All these led to significantly highest seed cotton yield (SCY) and monetary returns under MC 75 g a.i./ha as compared to de-topping treatment. In experiment (2) of high density planting of cotton, sympods per plant, bolls per plant, SCY as well as nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and monetary returns were increased significantly with 25% increase in recommended dose of nitrogen. Among the growth retardants, application of MC 20 g a.i./ha once and twice reduced plant height, increased sympods and boll per plant significantly which led to significantly higher SCY production as compared to control. Similarly, NUE and monetary returns were also significantly higher under MC treatments as compared to control. Application of MC 75 g a.i./ha in either two or three splits on Bt cotton hybrid under normal plant density and MC 20-40 g a.i./ha on non Bt compact genotype under high plant density optimized source-sink relationship which improve crop productivity and profitability.

Volume-related weight gain and subsequent mortality in acute renal failure patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy.

Fluid overload is a frequent finding in critically ill patients suffering from acute kidney injury (AKI). To assess the impact of fluid overload on the mortality of AKI patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), we used a registry of 81 critically ill patients with AKI initiated on CRRT assembled over an 18-month period to conduct a cross- sectional analysis using volume-related weight gain (VRWG) of > or =10% and > or =20% of body weight and oliguria (< or =20 ml/h) as the principal variables, with the primary outcome measure being mortality at 30 days. Mean Apache II scores were 27.5 +/- 6.9 with overall cohort mortality of 50.6%. Mean (+/-SD) VRWG was 8.3 +/- 9.6 kg, representing a 10.2% +/- 13.5% increase since admission. Oliguria was present in 65.4% of patients. Odds ratio (OR) for mortality on univariate analysis was increased to 2.62 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-6.44] by a VRWG > or =10% and to 3.22 (95% CI: 1.23-8.45) by oliguria. VRWG > or =20% had OR of 3.98 (95% CI: 1.01-15.75; p = 0.049) for mortality. Both VRWG > or =10% (OR 2.71, p = 0.040) and oliguria (OR 3.04, p = 0.032) maintained their statistically significant association with mortality in multivariate models that included sepsis and Apache II score. In conclusion, fluid overload is an important prognostic factor for survival in critically ill AKI patients treated with CRRT. Further studies are needed to elicit mechanisms and develop appropriate interventions.

Predictors of mortality in a cohort of intensive care unit patients with acute renal failure receiving continuous renal replacement therapy.

BACKGROUND: Despite the frequent use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the management of acute renal failure (ARF) in the critically ill, predictors of mortality remain unclear. METHODS: A registry of all patients initiated on CRRT at a single institution was assembled over an 18-month period, and a subsequent cross-sectional analysis of selected variables was conducted for associations with mortality. Predictors evaluated were age, gender, diagnosis of sepsis, Apache II score, days between ARF diagnosis and initiation of CRRT, creatinine at initiation of CRRT, change in creatinine from baseline and admission to initiation of CRRT, setting of ARF, and prescribed CRRT dose. The principal outcome was mortality at 30 days. RESULTS: Eighty-one individuals met inclusion criteria. Overall mortality for the study was 50.2%. The mean elevation in creatinine from admission to initiation of CRRT was 1.6 mg/dL (141.4 micromol/L) in those who lived and 2.6 mg/dL (229.8 micromol/L) in those who died (P = 0.023). Patients admitted with normal renal function who developed ARF while in the hospital had mortality of 56.3%. When available, patients with abnormal renal function at presentation were further classified by either abnormal or normal preadmission creatinine. These patients had mortality of 31.3% and 83.3%, respectively. These differences in mortality were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Increased mortality was significantly associated with the magnitude of change in serum creatinine between admission and initiation of CRRT. Also, patient ARF classification was significantly associated with mortality.