ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that air pollution particulate matter (PM) is associated with an increased risk for myocardial infarction. The effects of air pollution on the risk of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), in particular the role of gaseous air pollutants such as NO2 and O3 and the susceptibility of specific populations, are still under debate. METHODS: All patients entered in the Belgian prospective STEMI registry between 2009 and 2013 were included. Based on a validated spatial interpolation model from the Belgian Environment Agency, a national index was used to address the background level of air pollution exposure of Belgian population. A time-stratified and temperature-matched case-crossover analysis of the risk of STEMI was performed. RESULTS: A total of 11,428 STEMI patients were included in the study. Each 10µg/m3 increase in PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 was associated with an increased odds ratio (ORs) of STEMI of 1.026 (CI 95%: 1.005-1.048), 1.028 (CI 95%: 1.003-1.054) and 1.051 (CI 95%: 1.018-1.084), respectively. No effect of O3 was found. STEMI was associated with PM10 exposure in patients ≥75y.o. (OR: 1.046, CI 95%: 1.002-1.092) and with NO2 in patients ≤54y.o. (OR: 1.071, CI 95%: 1.010-1.136). No effect of air pollution on cardiac arrest or in-hospital STEMI mortality was found. CONCLUSION: PM2.5 and NO2 exposures incrementally increase the risk of STEMI. The risk related to PM appears to be greater in the elderly, while younger patients appear to be more susceptible to NO2 exposure.
Subject(s)
Air Pollution/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Registries , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/chemically induced , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Aged , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Belgium/epidemiology , Cross-Over Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Particulate Matter/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/diagnosisABSTRACT
This report contains three cases of "disfagia lusoria" (right subclavy artery congenital anomaly). The patients are of different ages and they were diagnosed by X ray, arteriography and endoscopy. Surgical treatment was carried out in one of the patients due to the severity of the symptoms.
Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Subclavian Artery/abnormalities , Adolescent , Deglutition Disorders/therapy , Esophagus/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography , Subclavian Artery/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Se presentan tres casos de disfagia lusoria por arteria subclavia derecha aberrante, en paciente de distintas edades diagnosticados por contraste esofagico, arteriografia y endoscopia. En uno de los casos fue necesario el tratamiento quirurgico por la severidad de los sintomas
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Deglutition Disorders , EsophagoscopyABSTRACT
Se presentan tres casos de disfagia lusoria por arteria subclavia derecha aberrante, en paciente de distintas edades diagnosticados por contraste esofagico, arteriografia y endoscopia. En uno de los casos fue necesario el tratamiento quirurgico por la severidad de los sintomas
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Deglutition Disorders , EsophagoscopyABSTRACT
This report contains three cases of [quot ]disfagia lusoria[quot ] (right subclavy artery congenital anomaly). The patients are of different ages and they were diagnosed by X ray, arteriography and endoscopy. Surgical treatment was carried out in one of the patients due to the severity of the symptoms.
ABSTRACT
This booklet provides all prescribers with a set of treatment schedules covering most of the common conditions found in the country as part of the Malawi Essential Drugs Programme to promote the rational use of drugs
