[Improvement of dental medical examination of patients of older age groups]. / Sovershenstvovanie stomatologicheskoi dispanserizatsii patsientov starshikh vozrastnykh grupp.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was an improvement of dental health by optimizing dental medical examination in socially significant groups of the population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A continuous sample of 500 patients aged 65 to 95 years who applied to selected private dental organizations and public dental organizations in the period 2017-2020 was made. The clinical study was carried out by taking an anamnesis and a dental examination. The results of a retrospective analysis of the prevalence and intensity of the main dental diseases in elderly and senile people are presented, a scheme for dental medical examination of the study group is proposed. RESULTS: In a comprehensive dental examination of groups of elderly and senile people, the DMFT in the age group of 65-74 years is 18.8 [14.35-24.4], in the group of 75-84 years 20.5 [13.7-27.3], while in people from the group over 85 years 24.9 [19.05-28] teeth, in order to reduce high dental morbidity we have developed an original scheme for the procedure for conducting preventive medical examinations of older age groups of the adult population. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study indicate the insufficiency of preventive programs and therapeutic measures among the elderly and senile. The data obtained are aimed at substantiating the main directions for improving dental care for patients of the older age group in the current conditions of the healthcare system.

Inheritance of porcine receptors for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli with fimbriae F4ad and their relation to other F4 receptors.

Enteric Escherichia coli infections are a highly relevant cause of disease and death in young pigs. Breeding genetically resistant pigs is an economical and sustainable method of prevention. Resistant pigs are protected against colonization of the intestine through the absence of receptors for the bacterial fimbriae, which mediate adhesion to the intestinal surface. The present work aimed at elucidation of the mode of inheritance of the F4ad receptor which according to former investigations appeared quite confusing. Intestines of 489 pigs of an experimental herd were examined by a microscopic adhesion test modified in such a manner that four small intestinal sites instead of one were tested for adhesion of the fimbrial variant F4ad. Segregation analysis revealed that the mixed inheritance model explained our data best. The heritability of the F4ad phenotype was estimated to be 0.7±0.1. There are no relations to the strong receptors for variants F4ab and F4ac. Targeted matings allowed the discrimination between two F4ad receptors, that is, a fully adhesive receptor (F4adRFA) expressed on all enterocytes and at all small intestinal sites, and a partially adhesive receptor (F4adRPA) variably expressed at different sites and often leading to partial bacterial adhesion. In pigs with both F4ad receptors, the F4adRPA receptor is masked by the F4adRFA. The hypothesis that F4adRFA must be encoded by at least two complementary or epistatic dominant genes is supported by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium statistics. The F4adRPA receptor is inherited as a monogenetic dominant trait. A comparable partially adhesive receptor for variant F4ab (F4abRPA) was also observed but the limited data did not allow a prediction of the mode of inheritance. Pigs were therefore classified into one of eight receptor phenotypes: A1 (F4abRFA/F4acR+/F4adRFA); A2 (F4abRFA/F4acR+/F4adRPA); B (F4abRFA/F4acR+/F4adR-); C1 (F4abRPA/F4acR-/F4adRFA); C2 (F4abRPA/F4acR-/F4adRPA); D1 (F4abR-/F4acR-/F4adRFA); D2 (F4abR-/F4acR-/F4adRPA); E (F4abR-/F4acR-/F4adR-).

On assessing quality of therapy in non-linear distributed mathematical models for brain tumor growth dynamics.

In this paper a mathematical model for glioma therapy based on the Gompertzian law of cell growth is presented. In the common case the model is considered with non-linear spatially varying diffusion depending on a parameter. The case of the linear spatially-varying diffusion arose as a special case for a particular value of the parameter. Effectiveness of the medicine is described in terms of a therapy function. At any given moment the amount of the applied chemotherapeutic agent is regulated by a control function with a bounded maximum. Additionally, the total quantity of chemotherapeutic agent which can be used during the treatment process is bounded. The main goal of the work is to compare the quality of the optimal strategy of treatment with the quality of another one, proposed by the authors and called the alternative strategy. As the criterion of the quality of the treatment, the amount of the cancer cells at the end of the therapy is chosen. The authors concentrate their efforts on finding a good estimate for the lower bound of the cost-function. Thus it becomes possible to compare the quality of the optimal treatment strategy with the quality of the alternative treatment strategy without explicitly finding the optimal control function.

Comparative cytogenetic and molecular studies of DM domain genes in pig and cattle.

Despite great differences in the biology of sex determination, the DM domain genes are thought to regulate sexual development in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Although they seem to represent the first known example of the conservation of metazoan sexual pathways, the structure-function relationships of this gene family have not yet been clearly determined. Our previous and current studies on the DMRT (Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor) gene cluster, DMRT1, DMRT2, DMRT3, in pig and cattle, have revealed conserved linkage to bovine (BTA8q17) and swine (SSC1q21) autosomes. However, the DMRT cluster seems to harbour the genes in different orders in both cattle (Entrez database) and pig (IMpRH map), compared to other vertebrates investigated so far. Moreover, we found that expression of DMRT1 (considered as the testicular regulator so far) is not restricted to gonads in adult animals. Beside ovary and testis, DMRT1 expression was detectable in swine kidney and bovine liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, lung, spleen and showed no differences between the sexes. Swine and bovine DMRT3 expression was strongly restricted to the adult testis, while DMRT2 homologues have a wider expression pattern, as occurs in other mammals. The significance of this expression pattern of DMRT genes in adult pig and cattle remains unclear. It might shed new light on mammalian DM domain genes evolution and livestock intersexuality.

The mechanisms determining the nucleolar-organizing regions inactivation of domestic horse chromosomes.

Cytogenetic investigations of the nucleolar-organizing regions (NORs) show that there is variation in the transcriptional activity of rDNA in many organisms. As a consequence, genetic polymorphism of these regions has been detected. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypothetic genetic mechanisms determining the NORs polymorphism of the domestic horse chromosomes. Molecular cytogenetic analyses were carried out on Hucul horses and the following techniques were used: fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), telomere primed in situ synthesis (PRINS), in situ nick-translation with HpaII, silver staining (AgNOR) and C-banding technique (CBG). The obtained results suggest that variation in the number and size of silver deposits is related to the number of rDNA copies, DNA methylation and the localization of ribosomal DNA loci in telomeric regions. Moreover, we have found that chromosome pairs 28 and 31 are characterized by higher variation in the NORs number.

[Kinetics of the reactions joining DNA fragments, catalyzed by DNA-ligase. II. Heterogeneous mixture of fragments. Optimization of the reaction conditions]. / Issledovanie kinetiki reaktsii vossoedineniia fragmentov DNK, kataliziruemoi DNK-ligazoi. II. Geterogennaia smes' fragmentov. Optimizatsiia uslovii reaktsii ligirovaniia.

The system of kinetic equations was proposed describing the joining of heterogeneous DNA fragments by DNA-ligase. The DNA fragments were considered as flexible rods and characterized only by molecular weights and concentrations. The program for calculating the concentrations of all circular and linear DNA forms is described. The program has been written in FORTRAN IV and calculations were made with EC 10--10. For the maximal yield of the multimeric circular DNA molecules it is recommended to begin the ligation at a high DNA concentration and then after a certain fixed time to dilute the reaction mixture. The optimum time intervals and ratios of fragment concentrations were calculated. The yield of different ligation products has been determined. The calculations of optimum reaction conditions were carried out for the construction of hybrid molecules containing DNA fragments with or without selective genetic markers.

[Study of the kinetics of the reaction reuniting DNA fragments catalyzed by DNA-ligase. Case of homogeneous molecules]. / Isledovanie kinetiki reaktsii vossoedineniia fragementov DNK, kataliziruemoi DNK-ligazoi. Sluchai gomogennykh molekul.

The kinetics of different DNA forms formation were studied during the ligation reaction. Reaction was carried out using as a model BamH1 DNA fragments of plasmid pBR322 and DNA-ligase of bacterophage T4. The products of the reaction were separated with 1% agarose gel, followed by DNA quantitation in the corresponding bands by scanning fluorimeter. The kinetics of the ligation reaction were measured in the range of DNA concentrations from 1 to 100 micrograms/ml. The system of differential equations, that described the kinetics of the ligation reaction, was obtained. This has no analytical solution, but may be approximately calculated with a computer. The analysis of kinetic equations was made in order to optimize the ligation reaction. The optimal DNA concentrations were found allowing the maximal yield of multimer circular DNA forms. The simple formula for calculatng these concentrations were developed. The yield of circular DNA multimers might be increased if the reaction is carried out at two stages: initially at high DNA concentration for linear multimers formation followed then a lower concentration after appropriated dilution. The formula for determiantion of the dilution time is presented. The data obtained allow to optimize the reaction conditions providing the recombinant DNA molecules formation.