ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The capacity of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) to phagocyte microorganisms is an important function to be preserved during surgical interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of propofol, fentanyl and remifentanil combination on Candida albicans engulfment by human PMN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients scheduled to undergo surgical interventions (ASA I-II) received propofol, fentanyl and remifentanil as intravenous anesthesia. PMNs were obtained before and after the surgical procedure and phagocytosis assay was performed using opsonized C. albicans. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No differences between the values obtained before and after anesthesia treatment in the number of phagocytic PMN and the number of C. albicans engulfed were observed. These results suggest that the used anesthesic protocol does not alter one of the most important immune mechanisms.
OBJETIVOS: La capacidad de las células polimorfonucleares (CPN) de fagocitar a los microorganismos es una importante función que se debe de preservar durante las intervenciones quirúrgicas. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la combinación del propofol, el fentanil y el remifentanil en la ingestión de Candida albicans por parte de las CPN humanas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Veinte pacientes sujetos a intervenciones quirúrgicas (ASA I-II) recibieron propofol, fentanil y remifentanil como anestesia endovenosa. Los CPN se obtuvieron antes y después del procedimiento quirúrgico y el ensayo de fagocitosis fue realizando usando C. albicans opsonizada. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: No se observaron diferencias significativas en los valores obtenidos antes y después del tratamiento anestésico tanto en el número de CPN fagocíticas como en el número de C. albicans dentro de las células. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el protocolo anestésico usado no altera uno de los mecanismos de defensa más importante del organismo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Candida albicans/immunology , Propofol/administration & dosage , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Phagocytosis/drug effects , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Propofol/pharmacology , Fentanyl/pharmacology , Anesthetics, Intravenous/pharmacology , Drug Therapy, Combination , Remifentanil , NeutrophilsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Protein 16 (p16CDKN2A) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- ß1) are important tumor suppressor molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and simultaneous expression of p16CDKN2A and TGF- ß1 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer and their relationship whit the neoplasia progression. STUDY DESIGN: To evaluate the expressions of p16CDKN2A and TGF- ß1 an immunohistochemical study of both proteins in 75 cervical tissues (24 CIN I, 17 CIN II, 15 CIN III and 19 squamous cell cancer) was performed. RESULTS: Increased expression of epithelial and stromal p16CDKN2A in all grades of CIN and cancer was observed. Healthy controls were negative. The frequency of p16CDKN2A expression in the patients was as follow: 75% in CIN I and 100% in CIN II, CIN III and cancer. TGF- ß1 expression was found increased in all patients with CIN I and CIN II and decreased in CIN III and cancer; 60% of patients with CIN III and 16% with cancer showed reactivity for TGF- ß1. High intensity of p16CDKN2A reactivity and low intensity of TGF- ß1 reactivity were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The linear frequency of p16CDKN2A expression accompanied by decreased frequency of TGF- ß1 in CIN III and cancer could be involved in the neoplasia progression.
