Subject(s)
Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology , Fertilization in Vitro , Human Experimentation , England , Female , Humans , PregnancySubject(s)
Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology , Accidents, Occupational/legislation & jurisprudence , Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control , Adolescent , Child , Child Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , United States , Wounds and Injuries/economics , Wounds and Injuries/etiologyABSTRACT
Infection played an important role in prolonging hospitalization and increasing morbidity in 68 children injured in farm settings. Predominantly gram-negative enteric organisms, group D streptococci, and anaerobic organisms were isolated in cultures of specimens obtained from wounds. Infection was more often associated with severe injuries of the large bones of the extremities than in amputation injuries of the digits and crush or roll-over injuries when the skin barrier was intact. The occurrence of infection in farm injuries was associated with prolonged hospitalization for parenteral antibiotic therapy, multiple surgical débridements with a need for general anesthesia, and permanent disability (decreased range of motion and loss of limbs and digits). Early aggressive surgical débridement and antimicrobial therapy guided by isolation and sensitivity testing of the major organisms are required because of polymicrobial invasion of vascularly compromised tissue.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Occupational , Infections/epidemiology , Rural Population , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infections/etiology , Infections/microbiology , Length of Stay , Male , Minnesota/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Wounds and Injuries/etiologyABSTRACT
Severe haemoptysis in a patient with cystic fibrosis was successfully treated on two occasions by bronchial artery embolisation.
Subject(s)
Bronchial Arteries , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , Embolization, Therapeutic , Hemoptysis/therapy , Adolescent , Bronchial Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnostic imaging , Female , Hemoptysis/diagnostic imaging , Hemoptysis/etiology , Humans , RadiographyABSTRACT
A double-blind, placebo controlled study of the effects of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), administered as a dry powder via the spinhaler, in established exercise-induced asthma, was carried out. DSCG resulted in an increase in the rate of recovery compared with placebo. The findings confirm that DSCG has bronchodilator properties.
Subject(s)
Asthma, Exercise-Induced/drug therapy , Asthma/drug therapy , Cromolyn Sodium/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Asthma, Exercise-Induced/physiopathology , Female , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , PowdersABSTRACT
Eight subjects induced bronchospasm by free-range running. Four of these demonstrated a late response at 5-6 hr after exercise. When compared to the other group of four subjects, who also developed an early response but no late response, the difference in FEV1 at 5-6 hr was highly statistically significant. Although the phenomenon is not universally manifest it should no longer be held that there is no late response in exercise-induced asthma.
Subject(s)
Asthma, Exercise-Induced/etiology , Asthma/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Asthma, Exercise-Induced/physiopathology , Bronchial Spasm/etiology , Female , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Male , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Twelve asthmatic subjects (mean age 23.3 years) exercised on three separate occasions, during which they all received combinations of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) aerosol (10 mg) or placebo, both before and after exercise in a randomized double-blind study. There was a significant improvement in resting FEV1 in those subjects receiving DSCG before exercise compared with placebo (P less than 0.05). Following exercise there was a more rapid recovery of FEV1 in those receiving DSCG after exercise compared with placebo (P less than 0.005). The greatest differences in FEV1 between placebo and DSCG treated groups were seen in the first 20 minutes after receiving the drug in the post-exercise period. These findings suggest that DSCG has a significant bronchodilator effect.
Subject(s)
Asthma, Exercise-Induced/drug therapy , Asthma/drug therapy , Cromolyn Sodium/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Asthma, Exercise-Induced/physiopathology , Clinical Trials as Topic , Double-Blind Method , Female , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Lung/physiopathology , MaleABSTRACT
Four patients with intractable cough improved for periods of between one and six weeks after treatment with 400 mg of lignocaine by aerosol spray. Suprisingly the lignocaine increased airways resistance in some of them. It is suggested that the excessive cough is due to excessive sensitivity of tracheal cough or irritant receptors, secondary to mucosal damage. The dangers of lignocaine inhalation are referred to.
