ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Little has been written about mouth hygiene measures during the immediate postoperative phase in patients with oral cancer. Mouth hygiene not only involves the care and maintenance of the dentition and its related structures, but also the maintenance of surgical sites, reconstructive techniques such as free flaps and generally keeping the mouth clean, which may optimize healing potential and patient comfort. Ward conditions and novel methods of reconstruction require innovation and improvisation of routine methods of mouth and oral hygiene. METHODS: A review of techniques of mouth hygiene used during the immediate post-operative phase by our unit over the last nine years and a review of the literature. RESULTS: Various methods gained from our experience in treating patients with oral cancer at the Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre are documented. Most methods involve a combination of either chlorhexidine or normal saline mouth rinses and mechanical cleaning. CONCLUSIONS: There are many different methods of mouth care in patients who have had resection for oral tumours. It is important for dental practitioners, hygienists and allied health professionals, who may be involved with care of such patients to have an understanding of the methods that are available and appropriate for such patients.
Subject(s)
Mouth Neoplasms/surgery , Oral Hygiene , Postoperative Care , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Humans , Hydrogen Peroxide/therapeutic use , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use , Oral Hygiene/instrumentation , Oxidants/therapeutic use , Patient Care Planning , Povidone-Iodine/therapeutic use , Sodium Chloride/therapeutic use , Surgical Flaps , Toothbrushing/instrumentation , Wound HealingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There are many different ways to reconstruct the oral and maxillofacial region post tumour ablation. In the past, the resection of oral tumours had been associated with significant disfigurement and loss of function. Modern techniques aim to restore function and improve cosmetics. This paper aims to describe the techniques used in patients treated at the Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre and to answer the more common questions associated with reconstructive techniques. METHODS: A review of techniques of oral reconstruction used by our unit over the last nine years and a review of the literature. RESULTS: Various techniques of reconstruction gained from our experience in treating patients with oral cancer are documented. There are a variety of techniques including grafts, local flaps, regional flaps and free vascularized flaps. Metallic implants such as osseointegrated dental implants may also be used for dental rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: There are many different methods of reconstruction in patients who have had resection for oral tumours. It is important for general dental practitioners who may be involved with the care of such patients to have an understanding of the modern techniques of reconstruction that may be used.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Mouth Neoplasms/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Adipose Tissue/transplantation , Bone Plates , Bone Transplantation/methods , Dental Implants , Esthetics , Facial Muscles/blood supply , Facial Muscles/transplantation , Humans , Mouth Mucosa/transplantation , Muscle, Skeletal/transplantation , Skin Transplantation/methods , Surgical Flaps/blood supply , Surgical Flaps/classificationABSTRACT
Mary' is the third of a series of four articles that aims to look at some of the problems patients may present with when they visit their dentist. Each article starts with a brief scenario about the hypothetical patient and his/her clinical problems. As well as the clinical problem, each case also raises ethical, legal or psychological problems. All of these issues are discussed and possible management strategies and treatment options investigated.
Subject(s)
Dental Restoration, Permanent , Dentist-Patient Relations , Ethics, Dental , Jurisprudence , Patient Care Planning , Adult , Dental Anxiety/diagnosis , Dental Restoration, Permanent/psychology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Hockey/injuries , Humans , Incisor/injuries , Periapical Periodontitis/diagnosis , Post and Core Technique , Root Canal Therapy , Tooth Fractures/diagnosis , Tooth Root/injuries , Toothache/therapyABSTRACT
Jacqueline's is the second of a series of four articles that aims to look at some of the problems patients may present with when they visit their dentist. Each article starts with a brief scenario about the hypothetical patient and his/her clinical problems. As well as the clinical problem, each case also raises ethical, legal or psychological problems. All of these issues are discussed and possible management strategies and treatment options described.
Subject(s)
Dental Amalgam/adverse effects , Dental Restoration, Permanent/psychology , Dentist-Patient Relations , Hypersensitivity/psychology , Inlays/methods , Somatoform Disorders/psychology , Adult , Ceramics , Composite Resins , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Female , Gold , Humans , Mercury/adverse effects , Patient Care Planning/standards , United KingdomABSTRACT
'Emma' is the first of a series of four articles that aims to look at some of the problems patients may present with when they visit their dentist. Each article starts with a brief scenario about the hypothetical patient and his/her clinical problems. As well as the clinical problem, each case also raises ethical, legal or psychological problems. All of these issues are discussed and possible management strategies and treatment options described.
Subject(s)
Dental Restoration, Permanent , Patient Care Planning , Adolescent , Attitude to Health , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods , Dental Restoration, Permanent/psychology , Dentist-Patient Relations , Ethics, Dental , Feeding and Eating Disorders/complications , Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/therapy , Female , Humans , Jurisprudence , Referral and Consultation , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Tooth Erosion/therapyABSTRACT
The finished sequence of human chromosome 20 comprises 59,187,298 base pairs (bp) and represents 99.4% of the euchromatic DNA. A single contig of 26 megabases (Mb) spans the entire short arm, and five contigs separated by gaps totalling 320 kb span the long arm of this metacentric chromosome. An additional 234,339 bp of sequence has been determined within the pericentromeric region of the long arm. We annotated 727 genes and 168 pseudogenes in the sequence. About 64% of these genes have a 5' and a 3' untranslated region and a complete open reading frame. Comparative analysis of the sequence of chromosome 20 to whole-genome shotgun-sequence data of two other vertebrates, the mouse Mus musculus and the puffer fish Tetraodon nigroviridis, provides an independent measure of the efficiency of gene annotation, and indicates that this analysis may account for more than 95% of all coding exons and almost all genes.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20 , Animals , Base Sequence , Computational Biology , Contig Mapping , DNA , Genetic Diseases, Inborn/genetics , Genetic Variation , Humans , Mice , Physical Chromosome Mapping , Proteome , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
'Mr Lester' is the final case study in a series of four articles that aims to look at some of the problems patients may present with when they visit their dentist. Each article starts with a brief scenario about the hypothetical patient and his/her clinical problems. As well as the clinical problem, each case also raises ethical, legal or psychological problems. All of these issues are discussed and possible management strategies and treatment options investigated.
Subject(s)
Dental Care for Aged/legislation & jurisprudence , Dental Care for Aged/psychology , Dental Care for Disabled/legislation & jurisprudence , Dental Care for Disabled/psychology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Dementia/psychology , Ethics, Dental , Frail Elderly , Humans , Informed Consent , Mental Competency , Treatment Refusal , United KingdomABSTRACT
We review 72 midfacial tumours managed during the 10-year period between 1985 and 1995. We describe presenting features, sites of lesions and histology, treatment regimens and outcomes, as well as the various surgical approaches for the resection of midfacial tumours, and their indications and contraindications. The choice of approach should be based on type of tumour, its site, and extent.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Maxillary Neoplasms/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Palatal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Smoking/epidemiology , Survival Rate , Treatment Outcome , Victoria/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Knowledge of the complete genomic DNA sequence of an organism allows a systematic approach to defining its genetic components. The genomic sequence provides access to the complete structures of all genes, including those without known function, their control elements, and, by inference, the proteins they encode, as well as all other biologically important sequences. Furthermore, the sequence is a rich and permanent source of information for the design of further biological studies of the organism and for the study of evolution through cross-species sequence comparison. The power of this approach has been amply demonstrated by the determination of the sequences of a number of microbial and model organisms. The next step is to obtain the complete sequence of the entire human genome. Here we report the sequence of the euchromatic part of human chromosome 22. The sequence obtained consists of 12 contiguous segments spanning 33.4 megabases, contains at least 545 genes and 134 pseudogenes, and provides the first view of the complex chromosomal landscapes that will be found in the rest of the genome.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 , Human Genome Project , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Animals , Chromosome Mapping/methods , DNA , Gene Dosage , Humans , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
A case of bismuth intoxication following the intraoral use of BIPP-impregnated gauze packs is presented. This report illustrates the need for caution when using potentially toxic compounds in the oral cavity where significant quantities can be absorbed to produce symptoms of poisoning.
