ABSTRACT
Most infections of the upper urinary tract are straightforward and do not require any emergency radiological investigations. A sonogram carried out within 48 hours will in most cases be sufficient to eliminate obstructed pyelonephritis requiring emergency drainage of urine. In complicated cases, or those affecting already weakened areas, an urgent CT scan is necessary, preferably after injection of iodinated contrast medium if renal function permits. CT scanning is far better at diagnosis than sonography as well as at investigating whether there are complications. Furthermore, it is essential that the radiologist is aware of unusual and rare forms of pyelonephritis, especially pseudotumoural forms, so that clinicians can be pointed towards the appropriate treatment, avoiding unnecessary and invasive interventions.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis , Abscess/diagnosis , Abscess/etiology , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Image Enhancement , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/etiology , Pyelonephritis/diagnosis , Pyelonephritis/etiology , Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography , Urinary Tract Infections/etiologySubject(s)
Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging , Umbilical Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Infant , RadiographyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The oncovirus HTLV-1 is aetiologically associated with uveitis and autoimmune thyroiditis in endemic areas. The association of uveitis with autoimmune thyroiditis in HTLV-1 carriers is less common moreover in non-endemic area. EXEGESE: We report two original cases of simultaneous uveitis and autoimmune thyroiditis in HTLV-1 carriers, without other disease due to HTLV-1. The visual outcome was favorable in both cases. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation exists between hyperthyroidism, uveitis and HTLV-1, but still needs to be confirmed. The autoimmune or immune mediated mecanism of HTLV-1 may be involved in the uveitis and the thyroidits.
