Coronary Artery Ectasia: Case Reports and Literature Review.

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a rare condition, affecting 3%-8% of patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, and is characterized by the abnormal dilatation of the coronary arteries. While the etiology of coronary artery ectasia encompasses a myriad of acquired and genetic factors, its pathogenesis still remains a subject of investigation. The clinical manifestations are varied, ranging from asymptomatic cases to chest angina and myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosing CAE. We herein report four cases of coronary ectasia: the first involving myocardial infarction, the second associated with bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation, the third detected during coronary angiography for moderate left ventricular dysfunction, and the last one detected during coronary angiography for stable angina. The aims of our study are to highlight the diversity of clinical presentations as well as the challenge of management, given that there are no universal treatments or guidelines.

Rare case of cardiac angiosarcoma and alveolar hemorrhage in an adolescent patient initially suspected COVID19 infection: A case report and literature review.

Primary cardiac tumors are a rarity, and sarcomas emerge as the prevailing form of primary malignant cardiac tumors across age groups, encompassing both children and adults. Within this category, angiosarcoma stands out, constituting around 31% of all primary malignant cardiac tumors. Primary cardiac angiosarcoma displays a notably aggressive nature, characterized by early systemic metastasis, and is accompanied by a generally unfavorable prognosis. We describe a case concerning a previously healthy teenage girl who displayed persistent constitutional symptoms and hemoptysis for 15 days. Subsequent investigation uncovered alveolar hemorrhage, ultimately linked to a cardiac angiosarcoma. The difficulty in this instance arose from the vague nature of the initial symptoms, posing a challenge to promptly and accurately diagnose the condition. This case highlights the aggressive nature of primary cardiac angiosarcoma. The vague initial symptoms underscore the need for early detection and optimized treatment to improve the generally unfavorable prognosis associated with this condition. Increased awareness and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial in addressing the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by primary cardiac angiosarcoma.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD): a case report.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is often revealed by an acute coronary syndrome classified then as a MINOCA. The typical patient is a female patient with no or few cardiovascular risk factor. Our work aims to illustrate the effectiveness of medical treatment in patients with SCAD. Case Report: We report a case of a 56-year-old female patient who was admitted after 3 days of infarct-like thoracic pain related to an anterior extended ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The coronarography showed a SCAD of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The patient was discharged under medical treatment. Six weeks later, coronarography showed a perfused coronary artery. Discussion: Most cases of SCAD present as acute coronary syndrome. Coronary angiography remains the 'first-line' examination. The use of endocoronary imaging such as IVUS and optical coherence tomography is necessary in case of diagnostic doubt (especially in SCAD type 2 and 3). The optimal management of SCAD remains unclear. A conservative approach should be the preferred strategy. Conclusion: SCAD should be considered in any young woman presenting with suspicious chest pain with positive troponin. The diagnosis is initially angiographic and may require endocoronary imaging for greater accuracy. Conservative treatment remains the best option.