Efficacy of a high concentration of nano silver fluoride in preventing caries: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: To investigate the effectiveness of a novel agent containing Nano Silver Fluoride 1500 (NSF 1500) and chitosan to inactivate carious lesions in children. Material and Methods: The study included eighty children. While both groups had fluoride dentifrice applied to their teeth, only the experimental group received treatment with the NSF 1500-ppm solution. The first and sixth-month interval examinations were conducted by two calibrated dentists (k = 0.85). Results: The NSF 1500 group had 69.2% of their teeth with arrested decay, while the control group had 24.1%. The difference was statistically significant (p 0.001), with a preventive fraction of 59.4%. The number needed to treat (NNT) was approximately two. The NSF 1500 formulation was more effective than toothbrushing alone with fluoridated dentifrice in preventing dental caries. Conclusions: The effectiveness of NSF 1500 is determined by the size and depth of the dental cavity. Its ability to arrest caries lesions was comparable to previously tested products, NSF 400 and NSF 600. Key words:Preventive dentistry, dental caries, nanoparticles.

An exploratory study of children with caries and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2.

This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Sense of Coherence and Oral Health in Children and Adolescents: a Scoping Review.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the published studies that address the sense of coherence and its relationship with the oral health of children and adolescents. METHODS: This scoping review was structured according to the review method proposed by the Joanna Brigs Institute and conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The research was carried out in the following databases: Medline/ Pubmed®, Lilacs®, Scopus©, Cochrane©, Web of Science©, and Embase©. RESULTS: In this search, 358 studies were found, seven in Cochrane, 90 in PubMed®, three in Lilacs®, 101 in Web of Science©, 80 in Scopus©, and 77 in Embase©, totaling 24 publications. The studies were published in nine countries, most of them cross-sectional studies. CONCLUSIONS: Most studies have shown that a high sense of coherence (SOC) of both the caregiver and the child/adolescent is related to better oral health behaviors and a lower caries index. No conclusive information was observed on the relationship between SOC and periodontal diseases.

An exploratory study of children with caries and its relationship to SARS-CoV-2

Abstract This exploratory study investigated whether children with dental decay were more likely to have COVID-19 than those without caries. The children underwent dental inspection and blood collection for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fifty-four children aged 6 to 9 years participated in the survey, which was conducted between March and June 2020 in the municipality of Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. The diagnosis of caries was performed using the dmft and DMFT indices. Parents reported signs and symptoms of sickness in their children during this period. The serology test aimed to verify the immune response of the children to coronavirus by detecting IgM/IgG antibodies. Statistical analyses were performed at P < 0.05. The majority of the children presented caries (68.5%). Of the nine children who tested positive for COVID-19 (16.7%), eight presented IgG antibodies to the virus, and only one had IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV2. Children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had a higher percentage of caries lesions than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (77.8% vs 65.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant.

Oral manifestations in hospitalized children with COVID-19.

As the pandemic progressed, the incidence of viruses among children also increased. This study investigates the presence of oral lesions in hospitalized children by analyzing data collected from medical records of infants seen at the pediatric Infectious disease unit at the General Hospital of the University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, from March to August 2020. This study includes children aged 0 to 12 years diagnosed with severe symptoms of COVID-19. The data describe the frequencies and percentages of categorical variables, expressed as mean, median, and standard deviation. The chi-square test evaluated the association of oral manifestations according to the presence of comorbidities. Of 89 children, 20.2% had oral manifestations, and mucositis was the most prevalent lesion (12.4%). Of the 18 children with oral manifestations, 12 did not present comorbidities, but 7.9% had multisystem inflammatory syndrome and 5.6% had Kawasaki disease. Results show that children with oral lesions had longer hospital stays. These findings indicate the need for further studies to clarify the relationship between the oral manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients for screening of the virus by dentists.

Mutagenic Evaluation of Fluoxetine and Fluoxetine-Galactomannan Complex Through the Analysis of Chromosomal Aberrations in Human Peripheral Leukocytes and Salmonella typhimurium/Microssome Assay / Avaliação Mutagênica de Fluoxetina e Complexo Fluoxetina-Galactomanana Através da Análise de Aberrações Cromossômicas em Leucócitos Periféricos Humanos e em Salmonella typhimurium / Ensaio Microssômico

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mutagenic potential of fluoxetine and fluoxetine-galactomannan. Methods: Chromosomal aberration test and Salmonella typhimurium/microsome mutagenicity assay. Results: The results showed that fluoxetine (250 µg/mL) can cause chromosomal breaks of treated leukocytes and increase the frequency of reversion of the tester strains of S. typhimurium / microsome assay only at the highest concentration (5 mg/mL), while fluoxetine encapsulated in galactomannan did not cause these changes (leukocytes and S. typhimuriums strains). Conclusion: In summary, fluoxetine showed a mutagenic effect detectable only at high concentrations in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic models. Furthermore, the fluoxetine/galactomannan complex, in this first moment, prevented the mutagenicity attributed to fluoxetine, emphasizing that the present encapsulation process can be an alternative in preventing these effects in vitro.

Objetivos: avaliar o potencial mutagênico da fluoxetina e da fluoxetina-galactomanana. Métodos: Teste de aberração cromossômica e ensaio de mutagenicidade de Salmonella typhimurium /microssoma. Resultados: a fluoxetina (250 µg/mL) pode causar quebras cromossômicas de leucócitos tratados e aumentar a frequência de reversão das cepas testadoras de S. typhimurium /microssoma apenas na concentração mais alta (5 mg/mL), enquanto a fluoxetina encapsulada em galactomanano não causou essas alterações (leucócitos e cepas de S. typhimurium). Conclusão: a fluoxetina mostrou um efeito mutagênico detectável apenas em altas concentrações em modelos eucarióticos e procarióticos. Além disso, o complexo fluoxetina/galactomanan, neste primeiro momento, evitou a mutagenicidade atribuída à fluoxetina, ressaltando que o presente processo de encapsulamento pode ser uma alternativa na prevenção desses efeitos in vitro.

Itinerário diagnóstico terapêutico de familiares e pessoas com doença oncológica / Diagnostic therapeutic itinerary of family members and people with cancer disease / Itinerario diagnóstico terapéutico de familiares y personas con enfermedad oncológica

O objetivo foi investigar o itinerário diagnóstico e terapêutico percorrido pelos familiares e pessoas com doença oncológica. Trata-se de um estudoexploratório de abordagemqualitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital filantrópico de João Pessoa-PB. Foram construídas as seguintes categorias: Categoria 1 ­Reconhecendo os sinais e sintomas antes do diagnóstico; Categoria 2 ­do diagnóstico ao início da terapêutica: caminhos vivenciados pelos pacientes; Categoria 3 ­Itinerário terapêutico dos pacientes, que foi dividida em Subcategoria 1­Sintomatologia durante o tratamento e Subcategoria 2­Dificuldades enfrentadas pelos pacientes durante a terapêutica proposta e a Categoria 4 ­Desafios enfrentados pelos familiares. É importante compreender o contexto em que o processo de adoecimento é vivenciado e o tempo em que as etapas do itinerário diagnóstico e terapêutico são desenvolvidas, a fim de prestar uma melhor assistência.

The objective was to investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic itinerary carried out by relatives and people with cancer. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, developed in a philanthropic hospital in João Pessoa-PB. The following categories were constructed: Category 1-Recognition of signs and symptoms before diagnosis; Category 2-from diagnosis to initiation of therapy: pathways experienced by patients; Category 3-Therapeutic itinerary of patients, which was divided into Subcategory 1-Symptoms during treatment and Subcategory 2-Difficulties faced by patients during the proposed therapy and Category 4-Challenges faced by relatives. It is important to understand the context in which the disease process is experienced and the time in which the stages of the diagnostic and therapeutic itinerary are developed, in order to provide better care.

El objetivo fue investigar el itinerario diagnóstico y terapéutico que realizan los familiares y las personas con cáncer. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, desarrollado en un hospital filantrópico de João Pessoa-PB. Se construyeron las siguientes categorías: Categoría 1-Reconocimiento de los signos y síntomas antes del diagnóstico; Categoría 2-desde el diagnóstico hasta el inicio de la terapia: caminos experimentados por los pacientes; Categoría 3-Itinerario terapéutico de los pacientes, que se dividió en Subcategoría 1-Síntomas durante el tratamiento y Subcategoría 2-Dificultades que enfrentan los pacientes durante la terapia propuesta y Categoría 4-Desafíos que enfrentan los familiares. Es importante comprender el contexto en el que se vive el proceso de la enfermedad y el tiempoen el que se desarrollan las etapas del itinerario diagnóstico y terapéutico, con el fin de brindar una mejor asistencia.

Viral symptoms in children and SARS-COV-2: information for pediatric dentists for the control of transmission.

The new coronavi rus, which has spread worldwide, has spiraled out of control in Brazil. The number of infected children has increased, and more Infants Special Care Units are needed to prevent deaths. This study aims to report the most common signs and symptoms in children infected by seasonal respiratory viruses and those infected by COVID-19. This knowledge is essential to educate pediatric dentists, who may contribute to identifying the difference in symptoms and notify the cases, thus preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study was carried out in a Family Health Center of Ipojuca, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and included 54 children seen for dental emergency care. The parents provided information about the signs and symptoms of their children' s health conditions during the lockdown from March to July 2020. All children had a serological test to detect any exposure to the virus. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the distribution of the data and compare the quantitative variables between the groups. Among the study participants, 16.7% tested positive for COVID-19. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (38.9%), sneezing (35.2%), and fever (20.4%); six out of nine children with a positive test had symptoms after infection of an adult in the family. Children infected with COVID-19 showed similar clinical signs to those with negative results. Pediatric dentists should acquire knowledge to report on sick children and prevent the spread of the disease.

Viral symptoms in children and SARS-COV-2: information for pediatric dentists for the control of transmission

Abstract: The new coronavi rus, which has spread worldwide, has spiraled out of control in Brazil. The number of infected children has increased, and more Infants Special Care Units are needed to prevent deaths. This study aims to report the most common signs and symptoms in children infected by seasonal respiratory viruses and those infected by COVID-19. This knowledge is essential to educate pediatric dentists, who may contribute to identifying the difference in symptoms and notify the cases, thus preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study was carried out in a Family Health Center of Ipojuca, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and included 54 children seen for dental emergency care. The parents provided information about the signs and symptoms of their children' s health conditions during the lockdown from March to July 2020. All children had a serological test to detect any exposure to the virus. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the distribution of the data and compare the quantitative variables between the groups. Among the study participants, 16.7% tested positive for COVID-19. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (38.9%), sneezing (35.2%), and fever (20.4%); six out of nine children with a positive test had symptoms after infection of an adult in the family. Children infected with COVID-19 showed similar clinical signs to those with negative results. Pediatric dentists should acquire knowledge to report on sick children and prevent the spread of the disease.

Oral manifestations in hospitalized children with COVID-19

Abstract As the pandemic progressed, the incidence of viruses among children also increased. This study investigates the presence of oral lesions in hospitalized children by analyzing data collected from medical records of infants seen at the pediatric Infectious disease unit at the General Hospital of the University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, from March to August 2020. This study includes children aged 0 to 12 years diagnosed with severe symptoms of COVID-19. The data describe the frequencies and percentages of categorical variables, expressed as mean, median, and standard deviation. The chi-square test evaluated the association of oral manifestations according to the presence of comorbidities. Of 89 children, 20.2% had oral manifestations, and mucositis was the most prevalent lesion (12.4%). Of the 18 children with oral manifestations, 12 did not present comorbidities, but 7.9% had multisystem inflammatory syndrome and 5.6% had Kawasaki disease. Results show that children with oral lesions had longer hospital stays. These findings indicate the need for further studies to clarify the relationship between the oral manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients for screening of the virus by dentists.

Starch-based magnetic nanocomposite for targeted delivery of hydrophilic bioactives as anticancer strategy.

Magnetic nanocomposites were synthesized for the targeted delivery of hydrophilic bioactives through guidance generated by a magnetic field. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were used to generate hydroxyethyl starch magnetic nanocapsules (HES MNCs). This synthesis allowed the co-encapsulation of oncocalyxone A (onco A) and surface-modified magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@citrate) into the same nanostructure. The synthesized nanocapsules exhibited a core-shell morphology, with an average diameter of 143 nm. This nanocomposite showed potential anticancer activity (IC50) against four human tumor cell lines: glioblastoma SNB-19 (1.010 µgmL-1), colon carcinoma HCT-116 (2.675 µgmL-1), prostate PC3 (4.868 µgmL-1), and leukemia HL-60 (2.166 µgmL-1). Additionally, in vivo toxicity and locomotor activity were evaluated in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. The nanocomposite exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity, prolonged drug release profile and also responded to an applied magnetic field, representing a versatile compound with perspectives for highest concentration of different hydrophilic bioactives in a target tissue through magnetic vectorization.

Development and in vitro evaluation of microparticles of fluoxetine in galactomannan against biofilms of S. aureus methicilin resistant.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a global problem, by reducing the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics and decreasing the therapeutic arsenal to treat bacterial infections. This has led to an increase in researches about how to overcome this resistance to antibiotics. One strategy is the repositioning (or repurposing) of existing drugs not previously used to combat microorganisms, rather than the development of new drugs. Fluoxetine (FLX) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) and is considered one of the first highly selective antidepressants of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). The objective of this study is to prepare and physically characterize fluoxetine microparticles with galactomannan and evaluate their efficacy against strains of Staphylococcus aureus sensitive and resistant to methicillin. The microparticles were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared analysis (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, the percentage of encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and drug release kinetics were determined in vitro, along with the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and evaluation of the action against biofilms. Physical tests were conducted to characterize galactomannan (GAL), FLX, oxacillin (OXA) and the galactomannan/fluoxetine microparticles (GFM). The EE% value was 98 % and, in regard the release, tests with the microparticles released about 60 % of the drug in 200 min. The isolated MIC results for FLX (255 µg/mL) and OXA MIC (1.97-15.62 µg/mL) showed that the strains were resistant. Furthermore, in the biofilms, microparticles showed statically significant improvement for all concentrations used. The study revealed that fluoxetine encapsulated in microparticles has the potential to act as an effective antimicrobial agent.

Anxiolytic-like effect of chalcone N-{4'[(2E)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1-(phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one]} acetamide on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio): Involvement of the 5-HT system.

The action of anxiolytic compounds that act on selective serotonin receptors (SSRIs) have been scarcely evaluated. Serotonergic drugs have been shown to be effective in treating anxiety without presenting adverse effects as benzodiazepines. However, the anxiolytic effects take days to occur. This study aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of the synthetic chalcone, 4'-[(2E) -3- (3-nitrophenyl) -1- (phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one] acetamide (PAAMNBA), and its possible mechanism of action in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). PAAMNBA was synthesized with a yield of 51.3% and its chemical structure was determined by 1H and 13C NMR. Initially, PAAPMNBA was intraperitoneally administered to zebrafish (n = 6/group) at doses of 4, 12, or 40 mg/kg, and the animals were subsequently subjected to acute and open field toxicity tests. PAAMNBA was administered to the other groups (n = 6/group) for analyzing its effect in the light and dark test. The involvement of the serotonergic (5HT) system was also evaluated using 5-HTR 1, 5-HTR 2A/2C, and 5-HTR 3A/3B receptor antagonists, namely, pizotifeo, granizetron, and ciproeptadina, respectively. Molecular coupling was performed using the 5-HT1 receptor. PAAMNBA was found to be non-toxic, reduced the locomotor activity, and had an anxiolytic effect in adult zebrafish. The effect was reduced by pretreatment with pizotifene and was not reversed by treatment with granizetron and cyproeptadine. A previous in vivo molecular coupling study indicated that chalcones interact with the 5-HT1 receptor. The results suggested that the chalcone, PAAPMNBA, has anxiolytic activity, that is mediated by the serotonergic system via the 5-HT1 receptor. The interaction of PAAPMNBA with the 5-HT1 receptor was confirmed by molecular docking studies.

The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test: safety and reliability with older intensive care unit patients at discharge. / Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes: segurança e confiabilidade em pacientes idosos na alta da unidade de terapia intensiva.

OBJECTIVE: Assess the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test safety and clinimetric properties in older patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit. METHODS: Test safety was assessed according to the incidence of adverse events and through hemodynamic and respiratory data. Additionally, reliability properties were investigated using the intraclass correlation coefficients, standard error of measurement, standard error percentage change, Altman-Bland plot and a survival agreement plot. RESULTS: The overall suitability of the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test was found to be low, with 29.8% meeting the inclusion criteria. Only 44% of the hospitalized patients who met the inclusion criteria performed the test, with no need for discontinuation in any patient. Heart rate (79.7 ± 10.2bpm/86.6 ± 9.7bpm; p = 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (118 ± 21.4mmHg/129 ± 21.5mmHg; p = 0.031) were the only variables that presented a significant statistical increase, with no evidence of exacerbated response to the test. Additionally, no adverse events were reported from participating and both test-retest and interrater reliability were high (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥ 0.99). CONCLUSION: The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test was proven to be safe and to have excellent reliability. Its clinical use, however, may be restricted to high-functioning older adults in hospital settings.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a segurança e as propriedades clinimétricas do Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes em pacientes mais velhos internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. MÉTODOS: A segurança do teste foi avaliada segundo a incidência de eventos adversos e pela análise dos dados hemodinâmicos e respiratórios. Além disto, a confiabilidade de suas propriedades foi investigada por meio de avaliação de coeficientes de correlação intraclasses, mensuração do erro padrão da média, porcentagem de alteração do erro padrão da média, gráficos de Altman-Bland e de concordância-sobrevivência. RESULTADOS: A adequabilidade do Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes foi identificada como baixa, já que apenas 29,8% dos potenciais participantes cumpriam os critérios de inclusão. Apenas 44% dos pacientes hospitalizados que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão realizaram o teste, sem necessidade de cessação para qualquer dos pacientes. A frequência cardíaca (79,7 ± 10,2bpm/86,6 ± 9,7bpm; p = 0,001) e a pressão arterial sistólica (118 ± 21,4mmHg/129 ± 21,5mmHg; p = 0,031) foram as únicas variáveis com aumento estatisticamente significante, sem evidência de resposta exacerbada ao teste. Além disto, não se relataram eventos adversos, e a confiabilidade tanto entre teste e reteste quanto entre avaliadores foi elevada (coeficiente de correlação entre classes ≥ 0,99). CONCLUSÃO: O Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes se comprovou seguro e com excelente confiabilidade. Seu uso clínico no ambiente hospitalar, contudo, pode ser restrito a pacientes adultos mais velhos com elevada funcionalidade.

Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes: segurança e confiabilidade em pacientes idosos na alta da unidade de terapia intensiva / The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test: safety and reliability with older intensive care unit patients at discharge

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a segurança e as propriedades clinimétricas do Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes em pacientes mais velhos internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: A segurança do teste foi avaliada segundo a incidência de eventos adversos e pela análise dos dados hemodinâmicos e respiratórios. Além disto, a confiabilidade de suas propriedades foi investigada por meio de avaliação de coeficientes de correlação intraclasses, mensuração do erro padrão da média, porcentagem de alteração do erro padrão da média, gráficos de Altman-Bland e de concordância-sobrevivência. Resultados: A adequabilidade do Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes foi identificada como baixa, já que apenas 29,8% dos potenciais participantes cumpriam os critérios de inclusão. Apenas 44% dos pacientes hospitalizados que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão realizaram o teste, sem necessidade de cessação para qualquer dos pacientes. A frequência cardíaca (79,7 ± 10,2bpm/86,6 ± 9,7bpm; p = 0,001) e a pressão arterial sistólica (118 ± 21,4mmHg/129 ± 21,5mmHg; p = 0,031) foram as únicas variáveis com aumento estatisticamente significante, sem evidência de resposta exacerbada ao teste. Além disto, não se relataram eventos adversos, e a confiabilidade tanto entre teste e reteste quanto entre avaliadores foi elevada (coeficiente de correlação entre classes ≥ 0,99). Conclusão: O Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes se comprovou seguro e com excelente confiabilidade. Seu uso clínico no ambiente hospitalar, contudo, pode ser restrito a pacientes adultos mais velhos com elevada funcionalidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: Assess the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test safety and clinimetric properties in older patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit. Methods: Test safety was assessed according to the incidence of adverse events and through hemodynamic and respiratory data. Additionally, reliability properties were investigated using the intraclass correlation coefficients, standard error of measurement, standard error percentage change, Altman-Bland plot and a survival agreement plot. Results: The overall suitability of the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test was found to be low, with 29.8% meeting the inclusion criteria. Only 44% of the hospitalized patients who met the inclusion criteria performed the test, with no need for discontinuation in any patient. Heart rate (79.7 ± 10.2bpm/86.6 ± 9.7bpm; p = 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (118 ± 21.4mmHg/129 ± 21.5mmHg; p = 0.031) were the only variables that presented a significant statistical increase, with no evidence of exacerbated response to the test. Additionally, no adverse events were reported from participating and both test-retest and interrater reliability were high (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥ 0.99). Conclusion: The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test was proven to be safe and to have excellent reliability. Its clinical use, however, may be restricted to high-functioning older adults in hospital settings.

Uso de cobertura com prata no tratamento de úlcera de marjolin: estudo de caso / Use of silver coverage in marjolin ulcer treatment: case study

Introdução: Úlcera de Marjolin é um termo comumente referenciado à degeneração maligna de feridas crônicas não cicatrizadas ou cicatrizadas por segunda intenção e a maioria dos casos descritos refere-se a carcinoma espinocelular. Objetivo: Descrever os cuidados médicos e de enfermagem no tocante ao paciente com úlcera de Marjolin. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso de um paciente com úlcera de Marjolin, acompanhado desde o pré-operatório até a cicatrização da lesão, tendo como enfoque as condutas terapêuticas médicas e de enfermagem em um serviço especializado. Resultados: O acompanhamento do paciente foi realizado pela equipe de Enfermagem de uma Comissão de Pele e consultas programadas com cirurgião vascular, dermatologista e oncologista, foi realizada biópsia; logo após a confirmação diagnóstica, o paciente submeteu-se à cirurgia para retirada do tumor, no pós-operatório, iniciaram-se intervenções terapêuticas para o tratamento da lesão. Utilizou-se sabonete com polihexanida metil biguanida para antissepsia e cobertura de prata como curativo primário. Conclusão: Após seis meses houve a total cicatrização da lesão. Não foram observados desconfortos ou complicações decorrentes do uso do produto, concluindo-se que o mesmo apresentou boa tolerabilidade e eficácia terapêutica para este caso em particular, estudos com métodos de maior precisão e validade interna, são necessários para uma melhor avaliação do desempenho desses novos produtos para o tratamento de feridas tumorais na prática clínica

Introduction: Marjolin's ulcer is a term commonly referred to as malignant degeneration of unhealed or healed second-use chronic wounds, and most cases described refer to squamous cell carcinoma. Objective: To describe the medical and nursing care regarding the patient with Marjolin's ulcer. Method: This is a case study of a patient with Marjolin's ulcer, followed from preoperative to wound healing, focusing on medical and nursing therapeutic approaches in a specialized service. Results: Patient follow-up was performed by the Nursing team of a Skin Commission and scheduled consultations with vascular surgeon, dermatologist and oncologist, biopsy was performed; soon after the diagnostic confirmation, the patient underwent surgery to remove the tumor, in the postoperative period, therapeutic interventions were initiated for the treatment of the lesion. Polyhexanide methyl biguanide soap was used for antisepsis and silver coating as the primary dressing. Conclusion: After 6 months there was complete healing of the lesion. No discomfort or complications due to the use of the product were found, and it was concluded that it presented good tolerability and therapeutic efficacy for this particular case, studies with more accurate methods and internal validity are necessary for a better evaluation of the performance of these new products for the treatment of tumor wounds in clinical practice

Cashew gum and maltrodextrin particles for green tea (Camellia sinensis var Assamica) extract encapsulation.

Cashew gum and maltodextrin microcapsules containing green tea leaf extracts were made using a spray-dryer. Green tea extracts were submitted to cytotoxicity analysis and characterization of bioactive compounds. Three formulations of microcapsules were performed, which were then submitted to characterization through morphological study, particle diameter and distribution, zeta potential, Exploratory Differential Calorimetry, entrapment efficiency, dissolution test and X-ray diffraction. The extract had a high bioactive compound content and no cytotoxicity was observed. The amorphous microcapsules presented irregular shapes with a circular predominance and dentate surface, mean diameters varying from 2.50 to 3.64 µm, solubility ranging from 63% to 72.66%. Low values of microencapsulation efficiency, zeta potencial and dissolution profile were observed. The microparticles based on the dry extract of green tea present potential as a food ingredient and as a promoter of health benefits.

Conhecimento de enfermeiras sobre avaliação e manejo clínico de pacientes com ferida neoplásica / Nurses' knowledge about clinical evaluation and management of neoplastic wound patients

Objetivou-se investigar o conhecimento de enfermeiras sobre avaliação e manejo clínico de pacientes com feridas neoplásicas. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, desenvolvido no período de agosto de 2016 a maio de 2017, com nove enfermeiras assistenciais da Atenção Básica em Saúde do município de Cuité, Paraíba. A coleta de dados procedeu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e a análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da Técnica de Análise Temática de Minayo, a qual possibilitou a construção de seis categorias temáticas. O conhecimento de enfermeiras sobre a avaliação e manejo clínico de feridas neoplásicas é incipiente e apresenta muitas fragilidades envolvendo o paciente com doença oncológica avançada. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de investimentos na educação permanente e a implementação de protocolos que subsidiem uma maior autonomia das enfermeiras na tomada de decisões, garantindo respaldo legal a estas profi ssionais para melhoria do cuidado a pessoas com feridas neoplásicas

The aim of this study is to investigate the nurses' knowledge about the evaluation and clinical management of patients with neoplastic wounds. This is an exploratory study of a qualitative nature, developed from August 2016 to May 2017, with nine assisting nurses from the Primary Healthcare in the city of Cuité, Paraíba. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and data analysis was performed using Minayo's Thematic Analysis Technique, which enabled the construction of six thematic categories. The nurses' knowledge about the clinical evaluation and management of neoplastic wounds is incipient and presents many fragilities involving the patient with advanced cancer disease. It was evidenced the need for investments in permanent education and the implementation of protocols that subsidize a greater nurses' autonomy in the decision making, guaranteeing legal support to these professionals to improve care for people with neoplastic wounds

Conhecimento e prática de enfermeiros no cuidado a pacientes com feridas tumorais malignas / Nurses' knowledge and practices in caring for patients with malignant tumor wounds / Conocimiento y práctica de enfermeros en el cuidado a pacientes con heridas tumorales malignas

INTRODUÇÃO: As feridas tumorais malignas representam uma angústia para pacientes que enfrentam uma doença terminal, uma vez que são lesões desfigurantes, sem possibilidades de cicatrização e que desenvolvem sintomas de difícil controle. O objetivo foi verificar o conhecimento e prática de enfermeiros no cuidado a pacientes com feridas tumorais malignas. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, quantitativo realizado com 22 enfermeiros de um hospital da Paraíba, Brasil, durante o período de abril a junho de 2016. O instrumento foi um questionário estruturado baseado no protocolo do Ministério da Saúde. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva e literatura pertinente. RESULTADOS: Os resultados permitiram identificar que os enfermeiros apresentam lacunas no conhecimento de conteúdos e técnicas sobre avaliação e tratamento de pacientes com feridas neoplásicas. Além disso, constatou-se que os enfermeiros não executam alguns cuidados pertinentes a essa clientela. DISCUSSÃO: Acredita-se que essas fragilidades estejam relacionadas ao dimensionamento de pessoal, déficit no conhecimento, inabilidade em realizar cuidados com feridas tumorais malignas, falta de insumos que auxiliem na avaliação e tratamento da lesão, inexistência de protocolo institucional para o cuidado com essas lesões. CONCLUSÕES: Desse modo, a instituição lócus da pesquisa precisa investir em educação permanente, a fim de treinar a equipe de enfermagem para o acompanhamento de pacientes com feridas tumorais malignas, adquirir materiais necessários e implantar protocolos assistenciais que norteiem a prática de métodos avaliativos e terapêuticos para o cuidado com pessoas com essas lesões, familiares e cuidadores.

INTRODUCTION: Malignant tumor wounds represent anguish for patients confronting terminal illness, as these are disfiguring lesions, with no possibility of healing and which develop symptoms that are difficult to control. The aim of this study was to verify nurses' knowledge and practices in caring for patients with malignant tumor wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quantitative, descriptive exploratory study carried out with 22 nurses from a hospital in Paraíba, Brazil, during April to June 2016. The instrument was a structured questionnaire based on the protocol by the Ministry of Health. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and relevant literature. RESULTS: The results permitted identifying that nurses have gaps in content knowledge and techniques to evaluate and treat patients with neoplastic wounds. In addition, it was found that nurses do not perform some pertinent care to those patients. DISCUSSION: It is believed that these fragilities are related to personnel size, knowledge deficits, inability to perform care with malignant tumor wounds, lack of inputs that aid in the evaluation and treatment of the lesion, and lack of institutional protocol to care with these lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the institution's locus of research needs to invest in permanent education to train the nursing staff to monitor patients with malignant tumor wounds, acquire necessary materials, and implement care protocols that guide the practice of assessment and therapeutic methods for caring for people with these injuries, family members, and caregivers.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las heridas tumorales malignas representan una angustia para los pacientes que se enfrentan a una enfermedad terminal, ya que son lesiones desfigurantes, sin posibilidades de cicatrización y que desarrollan síntomas de difícil control. El objetivo fue verificar el conocimiento y práctica de enfermeros en el cuidado a pacientes con heridas tumorales malignas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, cuantitativo realizado con 22 enfermeros de un hospital de Paraíba, Brasil, durante el período de abril a junio de 2016. El instrumento fue un cuestionario estructurado basado en el protocolo del Ministerio de Salud. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva y literatura pertinente. RESULTADOS: Los resultados permitieron identificar que los enfermeros presentan lagunas en el conocimiento de contenidos y técnicas sobre evaluación y tratamiento de pacientes con heridas neoplásicas. Además, se constató que los enfermeros no realizan algunos cuidados pertinentes a esa clientela. DISCUSIÓN: Se cree que estas fragilidades están relacionadas al dimensionamiento de personal, déficit en el conocimiento, inhabilidad en realizar cuidados con heridas tumorales malignas, falta de insumos que auxilien en la evaluación y tratamiento de la lesión, inexistencia de protocolo institucional para el cuidado con esas lesiones. CONCLUSIONES: De este modo, la institución locus de la investigación necesita invertir en educación permanente, a fin de entrenar al equipo de enfermería para el acompañamiento de pacientes con heridas tumorales malignas, adquirir materiales necesarios e implantar protocolos asistenciales que orienten la práctica de métodos evaluativos y terapéuticos para el cuidado de personas con esas lesiones, familiares y cuidadores.

Feridas neoplásicas: perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e terapêutico de pacientes com câncer de pele / Neoplastic wounds: socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic profile of patients with skin cancer / Heridas neoplásicas: perfil sociodemográfico, clínico y terapéutico de pacientes con cáncer de piel

Objetivo: traçar o perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e terapêutico de pacientes com feridas neoplásicas, decorrentes do câncer de pele. Método: estudo descritivo, documental, retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, obtido por meio de 431 prontuários de um hospital, utilizando-se um roteiro adaptado. Os dados coletados foram armazenados no programa Microsoft Word e analisados pela estatística descritiva. Resultados: houve maior ocorrência de feridas neoplásicas em 2015 (27,1%); a maioria dos participantes era homens (54,0%), com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos (65,0%), agricultores (23,2%) e aposentados (43,2%). O tipo histológico espinocelular se sobressaiu em 176 (40,8%) participantes. Conclusão: os resultados mostram a falta de sistematização da assistência de enfermagem relacionada às feridas neoplásicas de pele na instituição lócus da pesquisa.(AU)

Objective: to describe the socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic profile of patients with neoplastic wounds due to skin cancer. Method: this is a descriptive, documental, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, obtained through 431 medical records of a hospital, using an adapted script. The data collected were stored in the Microsoft Word program and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: there was a higher incidence of neoplastic wounds in 2015 (27.1%), most participants were men (54.0%), aged 60 years old or over (65.0%), farmers (23.2% %) and retirees (43.2%). The squamous cell histological type was prominent in 176 (40.8%) participants. Conclusion: the results show the lack of systematization of nursing care related to neoplastic skin wounds in the institution of the research.(AU)

Objetivo: trazar el perfil sociodemográfico, clínico y terapéutico de pacientes con heridas neoplásicas, decurrentes del cáncer de piel. Método: estudio descriptivo, documental, retrospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo, obtenido por medio de 431 registros de un hospital, utilizándose una guía adaptado. Los datos recogidos fueron almazenados en el programa Microsoft Word y analizados por la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: hubo mayor ocurrencia de heridas neoplásicas en 2015 (27,1%), la mayoría de los participantes eran hombres (54,0%), con edad igual o superior a 60 años (65,0%), agricultores (23,2%) y jubilaldos (43,2%). El tipo histológico espinocelular se sobresalieron en 176 (40,8%) participantes. Conclusión: los resultados muestran la falta de sistematización de la asistencia de enfermería relacionada a las heridas neoplásicas de piel en la institución de la investigación.(AU)