Prevalence of subclinical synovitis of the hand in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of subclinical synovitis in Lupus patients without peripheral joint symptoms, in those with arthralgias without arthritis and those with episodic arthritis but without radiological structural damage. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre cross-sectional study. Patients with lupus from those three categories were recruited to take part in a greyscale ultrasound scan performed by an expert blinded rheumatologist. Data from a historical control group from a previous study was also included for comparisons. Images were assessed separately in order to determine the presence and level of synovitis following Eular recommendations. RESULTS: Ninety-six patients (88.5% female) with an average age of 40 ± 6.2 years old, were included. SLICC/ACR score was 0.6 ± 0.3 in the group without joint symptoms (group 0), 0.8 ± 0.3 in the group with arthralgias (group I) and 1.1 ± 0.4 in the group with episodic arthritis. The global prevalence of subclinical synovitis was 38.5%. In group 0, that prevalence was 30%. The time since onset of symptoms of patients with subclinical synovitis was longer than the rest of the patients (9.4 ± 2.2 vs 6.5 ± 4.0 years, P < 0.001). No other remarkable association was founded with clinical features of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study focused on subclinical synovitis in patients with lupus. Other previous studies had included patients with different levels of arthropathy. Subclinical synovitis does exist in lupus patients in over a third of patients. Its meaning remains unclear and must be a topic of further studies.

Leucemia de linfocitos grandes granulares como complicación de artritis reumatoide / Large granular lymphocyte leukemia as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis

La leucemia de linfocitos grandes granulares es una entidad poco frecuente, perteneciente al mismo espectro de trastornos que el síndrome de Felty, que puede presentarse en pacientes con artritis reumatoide de larga evolución. Clínicamente se caracteriza por neutropenia persistente e incremento de la susceptibilidad a infecciones bacterianas, asociado a la presencia en sangre periférica y médula ósea de una expansión clonal de linfocitos atípicos con fenotipo de linfocito T citotóxico, o menos frecuentemente de célula NK; y esplenomegalia. Se diagnostica con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con artritis reumatoide seropositiva con importante daño estructural, manifestaciones extraarticulares y valores persistentemente altos de factor reumatoide y VSG, a pesar de poder presentar escasa actividad inflamatoria articular. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 70 años con artritis reumatoide de larga evolución que desarrolló shock séptico secundario a la infección de una prótesis de cadera por Salmonella spp. Presentaba neutropenia persistente, identificándose en sangre periférica y médula ósea una población monoclonal de linfocitos T aberrantes compatibles con leucemia de linfocitos grandes granulares (AU)

Large granular lymphocyte leukemia is a rare entity belonging to same spectrum of diseases than Felty’s syndrome, which might occur in patients with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis. It is clinically characterized by persistent neutropenia and recurrent bacterial infections associated with the presence in both peripheral blood and bone marrow of clonal expansion of atypic lymphocytes with a cytotoxic T cell phenotype, or less frequently an NK-cell phenotype, as well as splenomegaly. It is more frequently diagnosed in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, with significant structural damage, extra-articular manifestations and persistently elevated values of ESR, despite them havubg low inflammatory joint activity. We report the case of a 70 year old male with a long-standing rheumatoid arthritis, who developed septic shock secondary to prosthetic hip infection by Salmonella spp. He showed persistent neutropenia, and an aberrant monoclonal T cell population was detected in both peripheral blood and bone marrow, consistent with large granular lymphocyte leukemia (AU)

Large granular lymphocyte leukemia as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis.

Large granular lymphocyte leukemia is a rare entity belonging to same spectrum of diseases than Felty's syndrome, which might occur in patients with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis. It is clinically characterized by persistent neutropenia and recurrent bacterial infections associated with the presence in both peripheral blood and bone marrow of clonal expansion of atypic lymphocytes with a cytotoxic T cell phenotype, or less frequently an NK-cell phenotype, as well as splenomegaly. It is more frequently diagnosed in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, with significant structural damage, extra-articular manifestations and persistently elevated values of ESR, despite them havubg low inflammatory joint activity. We report the case of a 70 year old male with a long-standing rheumatoid arthritis, who developed septic shock secondary to prosthetic hip infection by Salmonella spp. He showed persistent neutropenia, and an aberrant monoclonal T cell population was detected in both peripheral blood and bone marrow, consistent with large granular lymphocyte leukemia.