Evaluation of bone remodelling parameters after one year treatment with alendronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Antiresorptive agents are widely used to treat osteoporosis. Both reduction in bone turnover and increase in BMD may be necessary to decrease the fracture risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of aledronate on bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The study involved a group of 56 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with alendronate (70 mg) weekly at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine Clinical Center University of Sarajevo during a 12-months period. Bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine and proximal femur and bone turnover markers (serum ß-CrossLaps, urinary N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx), total serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) and serum osteocalcin) were measured at baseline and after 12 months of the treatment with aledronate. BMD values significantly increased both at lumbar spine by 13.46% and proximal femur by 21.96% during the study period (-3.12±0.24 vs. -2.7±0.19 and -2.55±0.2 vs. -1.99±0.19 respectively; p<0.001). Bone turnover markers significantly decreased during the study period; C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen fragment (ß-CrossLaps) 49.0% (0.51±0.05 vs.0.26±0.028 ng/mL), NTX 33.4% (48.3±4.9 vs.32.15±3.25 nMBCE/mM Cr), AP 24.3% (81.1±5.2 to 61.43±5.2 IU/L) and serum osteocalcin by 29.7% (34.3±2.65 to 24.1±1.36 ng/mL)(p<0.001). Alendronate treatment increased BMD and reduced the level of bone turnover markers. Therefore, the treatment with aledronate during 12 months period can be recommended in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

[Thyroid scintigraphy as diagnostic method evaluation of thyroid diseases]. / Scintigrafija stitne zlijezde kao dijagnosticka metoda u evaluaciji oboljenja stitne slijezde.

The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body. It may enlarge substanially during pregnancy and when affected by a variety of diseases. The thyroid gland produces hormones, that regulates all metabolic processes and affect the growth and rate of functioning of many other systems in the body. Studies of the endocrine system are among the original procedures in nuclear medicine. Thyroid scintigraphy and radiotracer uptake studies remain an important part of the practice of nuclear medicine. Scintigraphy reveales functional and anatomy changes in status of thyroid gland. A systematic and complete interpretation of the thyroid scintigrams requires assessments of thyroid size and configuration and identification and description of focal abnormalities, including hot and cold nodules and extratyroidal activity in the neck or mediastinum.

[Evaluation of thyroid diseases in nuclear medicine]. / Evaluacija tireoidnih oboljenja u nuklearnoj medicini.

The thyroid is one of the larger endocrine glands in the body. The thyroid size is 15-20 gr. The gland produces hormones that regulate all metabolic processes in large number of tissues in the body, and produces hormones that affect the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. Studies of the endocrine system are among the original procedures in nuclear medicine. Thyroid scintigraphy and radio-tracer uptake studies remain an important part of the practice of nuclear medicine. Scintigraphy reveals functional and anatomic status of thyroid gland. A systematic and complete interpretation of the thyroid scintigrams requires assessments of thyroid size and configuration and identification and description of focal abnormalities, including hot and cold nodules and extrathyroidal activity in the neck or mediastinum. Early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease have made possible the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with these disorders.