ABSTRACT
Triazinyl-N-oxy free radicals, 2-methyl-2,4,6-triphenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazinyl-1-oxy (6a), 2,2,4,6-tetraphenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazinyl-1-oxy (6b), 2,2-dimethyl-4,6-diphenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazinyl-1-oxy (13), and 2,6-dimethyl-2,4-diphenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazinyl-1-oxy (14), in which the unpaired electron is delocalized over three nitrogen atoms, have been prepared and characterized. A method has been devised for introducing an N-oxide function into the triazinyl core. Then, by using a Grignard reagent, substitution α to the N-oxide group was achieved and the resulting 1,2-dihydrotriazine-N-oxide oxidized into the corresponding nitroxide. Solution EPR spectra exhibit hyperfine splitting that confirms spin delocalization over the three nitrogen atoms of the triazinyl ring. They also show that spin delocalization diminishes with increasing distance for the coupling and is largest for nitrogen N1 and weakest for N5. Free radicals 6a and 13 are stable in the solid state and have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, but they tend to gradually degrade in solution. In the solid state, these two free radicals are arranged into antiferromagnetically exchange-coupled pairs, J=-5.2(6) for 6a and -3.7(4) cm(-1) for 13 (H=-2JS(1)S(2)).
ABSTRACT
Novel copper(II)-nitroxide complexes exhibiting a spin-transition-like behavior have been prepared and characterized. They include meso, chiral, and racemic 2-(3-pyridyl)-nitronyl nitroxides differently substituted in positions 4 and/or 5 by ethyl groups and pyrimidyl nitroxides. Depending on the stoichiometry of the reaction, tetranuclear and binuclear complexes were obtained whose structures are cyclic. The tetranuclear species, which include two intracyclic and two exocyclic metal sites, are similar to the previously reported complex of the tetramethylated analogue, while the binuclear complexes involve only endocyclic metal ions and have uncoordinated N-oxyl groups. The tetranuclear complexes exist as two isomers depending on the temperature of crystallization: at room temperature, N-oxyl ligand coordination is axial-axial, while it is axial-equatorial at low temperature. Unexpectedly, this isomerism concerns N-oxyl bonding to the exocyclic metal centers for the derivatives of 4,5-diethyl-substituted ligands while it involves the endocyclic metal site in the complex of the monoethylated ligand, which converts reversibly from a high-spin state to a low-spin state, as observed for the complex of the tetramethylated ligand. Binuclear complexes are diamagnetic at room temperature but convert to a paramagnetic state on warming (90-110 degrees C); the transition is irreversible and sharp.
ABSTRACT
The chemical stabilization of labile fulleropyrrolidine N-oxides is achieved by encapsulation through intrarotaxane hydrogen bonding.
ABSTRACT
The chemistry of 2,2,4,4-substituted pentane derivatives has been investigated with the aim of providing a flexible and versatile synthetic route to pyrimidinyl nitronyl nitroxides, in which the bis-N-oxy fragment is incorporated in a six-membered ring. The synthesis of 2,4-diamino-2,4-dimethylpentane and 2,4-bis(hydroxylamino)-2,4-dimethylpentane, convenient precursors of these nitroxides, is described and full characterization of a series of pyrimidinyl nitronyl nitroxides is reported, along with a preliminary study of their coordination properties.
ABSTRACT
Eight members of a new family of fullerene derivatives, [60]fulleropyrrolidine-N-oxides, have been synthesized and characterized. Facile oxidation, by a peracid, of the parent [60]fulleropyrrolidine gave clean conversions into the product molecules, in which the tertiary amine is transformed into a quaternary amine bearing an oxygen atom. The reaction is very selective, favoring the nitrogen atom of the pyrrolidine ring in preference to epoxidation of the fullerene cage. The 1H NMR shows an AB quartet splitting pattern, characteristic of nonequivalent hydrogens in the pyrrolidine ring and at a chemical shift displacement of 0.8 ppm downfield. Other methods of characterization are described, including MS, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, HPLC, UV/vis, and IR. Conclusive evidence for the formation of an N-oxide moiety is provided by the synthesis, oxidation, and NMR characterization of a novel [60]fulleropyrrolidine containing a 15N isotope, showing an 85 ppm downfield heteroatom chemical shift. Preliminary details of the effects of substitution on the reactivity of the pyrrolidine ring are also reported.
