The impact of COVID-19 on adolescent wellness in Chicago.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to understand the impact of the initial COVID-19 pandemic remote schooling period on self-reported wellness among adolescents in Chicago. METHODS: Students (n = 55) completed a 22-item wellness questionnaire before (February 2020) and shortly after the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak (April 2020). Precomparisons/postcomparisons (overall and by survey item) were evaluated using two-sided paired t-tests with an alpha level of 0.05. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate mean scores overall by demographic variables. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the following areas: Balance (Pre: 7.3, During: 6.4, p = 0.02), Education (Pre: 8.4, During 7.7, p = 0.03) and Friends (Pre:8.0, During: 6.3, p = 0.001). Overall wellness scores varied by demographic variables, though not significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest the onset of the pandemic impacted students' ability to effectively learn, as well as to maintain balance in their lives and social relationships. Comprehensive support is needed in these areas to promote adolescent wellness.

Characterizing Biphasic Food-Related Allergic Reactions Through a US Food Allergy Patient Registry.

BACKGROUND: Understanding about patient-reported biphasic food-related allergic reactions is currently sparse. OBJECTIVE: To characterize patient-reported biphasic food-related allergic reactions among a national food allergy registry. METHODS: We used two patient registry surveys established by Food Allergy Research and Education. Variables were described with proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs); unadjusted results were stratified by respondent type. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the adjusted odds of reporting a biphasic reaction. RESULTS: The incidence of reported biphasic reactions was 16.4% (95% CI, 15.3-17.7). A total of 12.8% of parent or guardian respondents (95% CI, 12.5-14.3) and 21.8% of self-respondents (95% CI, 19.7-23.8) indicated a biphasic reaction during their most recent food-allergic reaction. Among respondents with a mild initial reaction, 7.4% reported a biphasic reaction, compared with 30% with a very severe initial reaction. When the initial reaction was mild, 69.6% of parent or guardian respondents (95% CI, 47.2-85.4) and 52.0% of self-respondents (95% CI, 38.0-35.7) with a biphasic reaction reported a mild secondary reaction. When the initial reaction was very severe, 36.3% of parent or guardian respondents (95% CI, 26.4-47.5) and 42.9% of self-respondents (95% CI, 31.1-55.5) with a biphasic reaction reported a very severe secondary reaction. Female sex, Black race, reaction age 5-12 and 26-66 years, initial moderate, severe, or very severe reaction, and one or more annual reactions were associated with increased odds of a biphasic reaction. CONCLUSIONS: This study characterizes the incidence of patient-reported biphasic reactions and provides valuable information on the probable severity of a biphasic food-related allergic reaction. Further research is necessary to understand the epidemiology of food-related biphasic reactions.