Trends in Renal Function Among Heart Transplant Recipients of Donor-Derived Hepatitis C Virus.

Donor-derived hepatitis C (dd-HCV) infection may increase the risk of renal impairment (RI) among heart transplantation (HT) recipients. Sofosbuvir, an integral component of HCV direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has also been linked to RI. To date, no study has examined the trends in renal function for HT recipients of dd-HCV infection and assessed safety and efficacy of Sofosbuvir-based DAAs. Between September 2016 and June 2018, 46 HCV-naive patients and one patient with a history of HCV treated pretransplant, underwent HT from HCV-positive donors (follow-up available through October 10, 2018). Patients were treated with Ledipasvir-Sofosbuvir (genotype 1) or Sofosbuvir-Velpatasvir (genotype 3) for 12 or 24 weeks; no dose adjustments were made for renal function. Data on renal function were available for 23 patients who achieved a sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after the treatment (SVR12; cohort A) and 18 patients who completed 1 year of follow-up (cohort B). Treatment of dd-HCV infection was initiated at a median of 6 weeks post-HT. In both cohorts, a nonsignificant reduction in median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; ml/min/1.73 m) was noted (cohort A: pretransplant eGFR: 62 [interquartile range {IQR}: 1-84] to SVR12 eGFR: 49 [IQR: 37-82]; p = 0.43; cohort B: pretransplant eGFR: 65 [IQR: 54-84] to 1 year post-HT eGFR: 56 [IQR: 39-75]; p = 0.29). Pretreatment renal function had no significant impact on changes in renal function during treatment. All patients tolerated DAAs well with 100% completion rate to the assigned therapy and duration and 100% success at achieving SVR12. In this first and largest reported case series to date of HT recipients with dd-HCV infection, we observed that neither the dd-HCV infection nor its treatment with Sofosbuvir-based DAAs increased the risk of RI. Sofosbuvir-based DAAs appear safe, tolerable, and effective for HCV treatment even in presence of severe RI.

Anticoagulation Reversal and Risk of Thromboembolic Events Among Heart Transplant Recipients Bridged with Durable Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices.

Anticoagulation reversal agents (ARAs) can minimize bleeding complications associated with mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs) explantation at the time of heart transplantation (HT); data on thromboembolic (TE) risk associated with ARAs are limited in this patient population. In this single-center study, we retrospectively analyzed 118 consecutive adults who were supported with durable MCSDs and underwent HT between May 2013 and October 2016. Patients were categorized based on intraoperative use of ARAs (recombinant factor VIIa [n=23], 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate [n=48], or factor IX complex [n=2]) at the time of HT; these agents were used at discretion of implanting surgeons for bleeding control. The primary outcome of interest was presence of venous or systemic TE events within 3 months of HT. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess association between TE events and use of ARAs. A total of 71 (60%) patients received ARAs, and a total of 32 patients (27.1%) had TE events (25 venous [median time to diagnosis: 11.5 days; interquartile range {IQR}: 9-31 days], and 10 systemic [median time to diagnosis: 5.5 days; IQR: 4-8 days]); 26 (81.2%) of those with TE events had ARAs used at the time of HT. Multivariable analysis identified use of ARAs as an independent predictor of TE events (multivariable odds ratio: 3.06; 95% CI: 1.09-8.58; p = 0.034). Unplanned intraoperative use of ARAs to control bleeding was associated with a significantly higher risk of TE events among HT recipients bridged with durable MCSD. Future studies are required to further assess safety of these agents and their impact on patient outcomes.