ABSTRACT
The mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) is a heterodimeric enzyme that forms part of the cytochrome c reductase complex from higher plants. Mitochondria from mammals and yeast contain two homologous enzymes: (i) an active MPP within the mitochondrial matrix and (ii) an inactive MPP within the cytochrome c reductase complex. To elucidate the evolution of MPP, the cytochrome c reductase complexes from lower plants were isolated and tested for processing activity. Mitochondria were prepared from the staghorn fern Platycerium bifurcatum, from the horsetail Equisetum arvense, and from the colorless algae Polytomella, and cytochrome c reductase complexes were purified by a micro-isolation procedure based on Blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electroelution. This is the first report on the subunit composition of a respiratory enzyme complex from a fern or a horsetail. The cytochrome c reductase complexes from P. bifurcatum and E. arvense are shown to efficiently process mitochondrial precursor proteins, whereas the enzyme complex from Polytomella lacks proteolytic activity. An evolutionary model is suggested that assumes a correlation between the presence of an active MPP within the cytochrome c reductase complex and the occurrence of chloroplasts.
Subject(s)
Evolution, Molecular , Metalloendopeptidases/genetics , NADH Dehydrogenase/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional , Humans , Metalloendopeptidases/chemistry , Metalloendopeptidases/metabolism , Mitochondria/enzymology , Molecular Sequence Data , NADH Dehydrogenase/chemistry , NADH Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Plants/ultrastructure , Protein Processing, Post-Translational , Sequence Homology, Amino Acid , Mitochondrial Processing PeptidaseABSTRACT
By means of an investigation on 7 patients from 3 families views are expressed on the problems of the basal cell-naevus-syndrome. The typical clinical signs appear preferentially and as first-symptoms in the jaw-bone as solitary and later developing multiple cysts. Because these first symptoms of the syndrome cause secondary, dentitio tarda (belated dentition) and displacement of the teeth, the dentist or the maxillo-facial-surgeon has a special responsibility for early diagnosis of this disease. Reference is made to the necessity of interdisciplinary cooperation and the ambulatory-care of the patients in the sense of a family registration and observation.
Subject(s)
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/genetics , Jaw Cysts/complications , Adult , Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/complications , Child , Female , Humans , Jaw Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Jaw Cysts/genetics , Male , Pedigree , RadiographyABSTRACT
The stomatologue is supposed to apply with his every day's practice surgical suture material in case of need according to indication. Placing numerous, novel materials at disposal, the knowledge of biological and physical parameters of materials that can be applied sometimes cannot suffice. The survey is aimed at orientation on the selection and recommendation of the suited suture materials.
Subject(s)
Sutures , HumansABSTRACT
The qualification of tantalum wire as suture material was tested by means of physical and histological investigations. Starting-point were the physiochemical and biological attributes and its hitherto existing employment in the medicine. Indication and recommendations for handling the material were found out.
